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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is structure of paramyxoviridae?
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enveloped, neg sense RNA, replicate in cytoplasm, F ptn to induce fusion of envelope w/ plamsa mem
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What glycoptn doe Measles virus have?
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hemaglutinin
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What glycoptn does parainfluenza virus and mumps have?
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hemaglutinin, neuraminidase
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What glycoptn does RSV have?
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glycoptn
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What is function of paramyxoviridae glycoptns?
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bind receptors on susceptible cells
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What viruses are includeded in paramyxoviridae?
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Measles, mumps, paraflu, RSV
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What are clinical manifestations of measles?
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erythematous maculopapular lesions begin on face spread to tunk/extremities, prodrome of fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis; Koplick's spots, fever
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Pathogenesis of measles?
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enters and replicates in resp, viral shedding, spreads to LN, enters bld, spreads to target organs - CNS, skin, urinary tract, recovery in 2 wks leads to lifelong immunity
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What are symptoms of measles in immune suppressed?
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high mortality rate, giant cell pneumonia, bacterial inf
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What dx causes acute dimmeninated encephalomyelitis?
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measles
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How is measles diagnosed?
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3 C's, fever, rash, acute and convalescent Ab titers
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What are symptoms of mumps?
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parotitis, fever
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What are complications of mumps?
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orchitis, meningitis, pancreatitis
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Pathogenesis of mumps?
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enters resp tract via droplets, spread to LN, viremia, goes to salivary glands, testes, CNS, pancreas, 20 day incubation
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How is mumps diagnosed?
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acute and convalescent Ab titer, anti-viral IgM, isolation from resp secretions
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What are symptoms of parainfluenza?
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serious lower resp inf in infants and elderly, croup in 3mos-young child, common cold in kids and adults
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What is croup?
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dyspnea from inflm of airway, bark-like cough
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What virus causes 60% of croup?
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paraflu
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What is pathogenesis of croup?
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upper resp inf, spread by cell fusion, replication in subglottic epi leading to necrosis and edema -> airway obstruction
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Why is reinfection w/ paraflu common?
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no cross-protection b/t serotypes, is a mucosal inf and IgA has short half-life
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What are disease assoc of RSV?
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bronchitis, pneumonia, cold
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RSV season? and tmission?
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winter/spring; large drop secretions on hands and fomites
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What inc risk of RSV inf?
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day care, infants in house w/ school age kids, tobacco exposure, lack of breast feeding
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What is pathogenesis of RSV?
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virus on hands/fomite -> autoinnoculation of nasal mucosa, replication and spread, IgM, A, G made, inflm in resp tract b/c CD4 and 8 cells and monocytes
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What is structure of orthomyxoviridae?
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enveloped, SS RNA, segmented genome
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Describe grp A ortho flu
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subtypes based on hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, most pathogenic, zoonotic so same subtype infects diff't species
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Describe grp B ortho flu
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species specific, many serotypes
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Describe pathogenesis of ortho virus
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inhalation of virus, replicationin resp, IFN and cytokines produced causing fever, malaise, desq. of epi - bacterial superinf, T cell clear inf cells and Ab protects against getting same serotype
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Clinical manifestations of ortho flu
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fatigue, chills, myalgia, fever, cough, sore throat, rhinorrhea
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Complications of ortho flu?
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pneumonia (1ary flu highly fatal, or 2ary bacterial inf - S pneumo), bronchitis, otitis media, exacerbation of asthma, Reye syndrome
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Ag variation of ortho flu A by?
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Ag shift and drift
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Ag variation of ortho flu B by?
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Ag drift
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How does Ag shift occur?
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dual inf of animal w/ 2 diff't flu A resulting in pandemics
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How does Ag drift occur?
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by mutation of HA or NA causing epidemics
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What are 3 types of ortho flu currently circ?
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A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B viruses
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How is ortho flu tx?
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neuraminidase inhibitors - zanamivir, oseltamivir
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What immune response does killed prep of flu vaccine elicit?
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IgG, no IgA or CTL
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What immune response does live-attenuated flu vaccine elicit?
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IgA and IgG
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Characteristics of rubella?
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togavirus family, + sense RNA
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What is pathogenesis of rubella?
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enters resp and replicates, virus shed, spreads to LN - lymphadenophaty, enters bld spreads to target organs, IC deposition, joint pain, rash, CNS, fetal anomalies, urinary tract
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What are clinical manifestations of rubella?
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rash, low grade fever, lymphadenopathy, joint pain
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What are clinical manifestations of fetal rubella inf?
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SAB, cataracts, heart defects, deafness
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How is rubella diagnosed?
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antiviral IgM detection, acute and convalescent Ab titers, virus isolation from throat or urine
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