Paralinguistics-Race Class And Ethnicity

Front 1

What are paralinguistics and what are some examples?

Back 1

they are the middle range between verbal and nonverbal

EX; ums, pauses, intonations

Front 2

What three categories are paralinguistic?

Back 2

Language, Dialect, Accent

Front 3

_____ dialect: associated with power, wealth, education

Back 3

prestige

Front 4

____ dialect: associated with LACK of education, sophistication, power

Back 4

stigmatized

Front 5

____ are a spoken form of a language

Back 5

dialect

Front 6

dialect or language?

involves vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar

Back 6

dialect

Front 7

**what is the difference between dialect and accent??

Back 7

dialect contains words and more expanded speech, wheras accent is SOLELY enunciation

Front 8

____ is part of a dialect because they're only hearable in certain forms of spoken language

Back 8

Accents

Front 9

who speaks a dialect?

Back 9

everyone

Front 10

____ evaluations are learned, not intrinsic to the speaker

Back 10

dialect

Front 11

What are the two types of bilinguilism?

Back 11

elite and folk

Front 12

_____ bilinguilism is that which you acquire by virtue of education

Back 12

ELITE

Front 13

______ bilinguilism is that which you pick up at home

Back 13

Folk

Front 14

An example of this:

this can be affected by the world around us and is usually picked up during childhood

Back 14

folk

Front 15

Explain the CAT theory

Back 15

People's talk converges towards the people they like and admire

people's talk diverges away from the people they don't like

Front 16

Pitbull's language switching:

a) shows prestige
b) is stigmatized
c) depends on who's listening and evaluating

Back 16

c

Front 17

prestige dialect is very similar to

Back 17

elite bilinguilism

Front 18

stigmatized dialect is very similar to

Back 18

folk bilinguilism

Front 19

Aristotle vs Darwin:

____ believes that faces express internal states and that everyone has their own expressions

Back 19

aristotle

Front 20

aristotle vs darwin

_____ believes in microexpressions and that expressions on the face are based off of instinctive reactions.

Back 20

darwin

Front 21

____ believes that facial expressions are universal

Back 21

darwin

Front 22

___ believes that facial expressions are individualized

Back 22

aristotle

Front 23

Humans _____ emotions for
social reasons, more than for
(simply) emotional reasons

Back 23

display

Front 24

Many facial ______
are universal

Back 24

expressions

Front 25

___________ can reveal true
emotions despite peoples’ attempts to
hide them

Back 25

microexpressions

Front 26

Are facial displays rhetorical or cultural?

Back 26

Both

Front 27

How can facial displays be rhetorical?

Back 27

Because they can be controlled to convey the message you want

Front 28

How can facial displays be cultural?

Back 28

There are cultural rules for what emotions are expected during certain situations

Front 29

Are facial expressions rhetorical or cultural?

Back 29

NEITHER - they are involuntary, universal, and physical

Front 30

Race vs Ethnicity

____ is a biological category

Back 30

race

Front 31

race vs ethnicity

___ is a system (pattern) of norms, premises, symbols, meanings

Back 31

ethnicity

Front 32

Listening habits that leads to discrimination

Back 32

shibboleth

Front 33

we create certain cultural norms based off of how we argue/communicate.

very important: who's theory relates with this?

Back 33

Tannen

Front 34

Who gets blamed for miscommunication when talking about shibboleths and why?

Back 34

You get blamed as the hearer because it is based off whatever you want to hear. Also some people listen to who they are most like and some people don't listen to people they are biased towards

Front 35

what is the reasoning behind both Israeli's and German's direct confrontational communication pattern?

Back 35

They both stem from a significant historical period

Front 36

____ is ritual conflict

Back 36

agonism

Front 37

In (probably) every culture, some level or
kind of conflict is a sign of intimacy

according to

Back 37

Tannen

Front 38

Signed exact language (SEE) vs American Sign Language (ASL)

Back 38

SEE= Linear (one word/idea at a time), direct translation from a language

ASL= 4 dimensions, involves hands face and body, easier to learn than SEE

Front 39

Is SEE a language?

Back 39

NO! strictly a translation of english

Front 40

What was the point of Deaf President Now?

Back 40

Deaf people showed they could function effectively to take control of their lives

Front 41

Fill in the blank:

SIgn language is a _____ language, not a nonverbal language.

Back 41

visual

Front 42

T or F:

Signed Exact English is a nonverbal version of English

Back 42

True

Front 43

Some Deaf people object to cochlear implants because

Back 43

They try to change deaf culture towards hearing instead of embracing deafness

Front 44

explain McIntire's invisible knapsack

Back 44

The implicit biases that tell us how to view the world.


Everyone has certain inherent ideas that cause us to view the world in a certain way.

Front 45

 Invisible – to whom?
 What’s inside the “knapsack”
 Why invisibility matters

Back 45

Invisible to the oppressors - the white people who have privileges that they don't consider

Inside the knapsack - special provisions that help make our lives much easier and straighforward than we ultimately give credit for

why invisibility matters - so many are unaware of this helpful knapsack

Front 46

3 factors of "the bronx syndrome"

Back 46

mispronunciation, bad language, the urge to punch

Front 47

the Bronx syndrome is a ____ choice

Back 47

rhetorical

Front 48

African American English (AAE)

Back 48

a dialect with history and culture NOT slang, laziness, and mistakes

Front 49

what is at stake in our rhetorical choices?

Back 49

membership into speech communities and facework

Front 50

a $100 bill is connected to a

Back 50

symbol