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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DFS is limited to |
Watery or diarrheic stool |
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DFS examinatiom must be done ___ |
As soom as collection or upon receiving the sample |
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Stool specimen for DFS must be |
Freshly collected |
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Materials needed for DFS |
Glass slides Cover slip Applicator stick NSS Stool (alangan 😔) |
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How much NSS is needed for DFS |
0.85% |
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Procedure for DFS |
- 1 or 2 drops os NSS on the center of a clean glass slide - Poke the fecal sample on alll portions using an applicator stick - Using the same applicator stick, mix it on the NSS solution in a circular motion. -Place a cover slip on the slide - Place the slide in the microscope - Scan by moving the slide in a zigzag motion - Count how many parasites are present |
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To come up with reporting get the |
Lowest and highest number observed |
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In high power objective, reporting is used as __ , words such as __,___,___, |
+; occasional, few, many |
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Originated in japan |
Kato- Thick smear and Harada-mori |
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Reagent use in kato-thick smear |
1:1 ration of glycerin and distilled water |
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Thick amount ( pea sized) of fecal material is used in |
Kato-Thick smear |
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Prepare water cellophane at least ___ before examination |
24 hours |
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In kato-thick smear, more specimen being used = |
More advantage to be able to find parasites |
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Kato thick is applicable only on |
Soft, semiformed and formed stool |
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Water cellophane for Kato- Thick smear is cut as |
Size of cover slip |
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If water cellophane is colorless, ___ color is added |
Malachite green |
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Procedure for Kato- Thick Smear |
1. Poke on the specimen several times (about a pea size amount) 2. Pace the center of the glass slide 3. Cover with the prepared cellophane 4. Press a cork/ rubber stopper to flatten the fecal material.(so that air bubbles will be pushed aside) 5. Place glass slide on petri dish and cover for 2 to 3 minutes 6. Focus under LPO 7. After scanning for fecal material, then shift to HPO |
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Provudes the ability to detect small numver ofnparasited that might not be detected using direct wet preparations |
Concentration Method |
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Can be performed on fresh or preserved stool specimens |
Concemtration Method |
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Materials needed for concentration method |
Centrifuge Test tube Applicatot stick |
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Potential parasites are lighter, float toward the top of the test tube |
Flotation method/zinc sulfate flotation method |
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Specific gravity of ZnSO4 |
1.180 to 1.20 (lower than the parasite's specific gravity) |
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Best method to use to identify intestinal roundworms |
Flotation method |
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Alternative reagents fo4 Flotation Method |
Calcium-chloride (CaCl2) Saturated NaCl Saturated Sugar Solution |
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Advantages of Flotation method |
1. More fecal devris is removed 2. Yields a cleaner preparation easier for microscopiv examination |
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Disadvantage of flotation method |
Some helminth eggs are very dense and will float therefore some parasited will be missed |
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Procedure for flotation method |
1. Poke the fecal material 2. Place it inside a test tube 3. Fill the tube with distilled water 4. Stir the specimen to produce suspension 5. Centrifuge the test tube for 5 to 10 mins 6. Remove the test tube from the centri. 7. Fecal material shlould settlen in the bottom and supernatant liquid above is cloudy 8. Decant the supernatant liquid into a container with lysol. 9. Add distilled water, and centrifuge again umtil the supernatand is already CLEAR 10. After the last decantation, add the zinc sulfatr solution/ZnSO4 (3/4 of the tube) 11. Stir and centrifuge again 12. Fish out what si floating in the top centrifuges liquid using a wire loop 13. Transfer whatever you havr fished out from the test tube to the glass slide. 14. Cover with cover slip 15. Focus on the microscope |
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Allowing parasite to settle at the bottom of the tube using fomalin ether solution |
Acid ether sedimentation |
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Specific gravity is lower than the parasite so that the parasite will sink |
Acid ether sedimentation |
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Reagent for Acud etger sedimentation |
Ethyl acetate Formalin ether 5 to 10% |
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Procedure of acid ether sedimentation |
-Follow the procedure of flotation method (But the liquid solution used is Acid ether) -Decant the supernatant liquid -Use a wire loop, get the sediment from the centrifuged liquid and place on a glass slide -Focus under the microscope |
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Special examination for identification of pinworm |
Scotch tape technique |
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Best time of collection for scotch tape method |
Night time- while anal itchiness is observed |
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Alternative time of collection for scotch tape method |
Upon waking up |
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Materials for scotch tape method |
-scotch tape -glass slides - tongue depressor/ popsicle stick |
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When hookworm is suspected ___ must be performed |
Harada mori |
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Cam only be perforemd when DFS, Kato-thick and concentration method is positive for hookworms |
Harada-Mori stool culture |
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Procedure for harada-mori |
1. Prepare a filter paperand fold it 2. Poke the stool with am applicator stick 3. Apply the stool in the middle portion of the filter paper 4. Fold the filter paper lengthwise 5. Place it in test tube filled with 1ml distilled water 6. Cotton plug the test tube and leavr it at room temperature for 10 days 7. After 10 days, remove and dispose thr filter paper properly 8m remaining water should be placed in the glass slide, then view it under the microscope |
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Filipino parasitologist responsible for introducing kato-thick smear and harada mori to the ph |
Bejamin carbrera |
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Normal color of feces is due to the presence of |
Urobilin and Stercobilin |
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Fecal Carbohydrates - Found in feces made up of |
Cellulose |
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odor of the feces is due to |
Indole and skatole |
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Odor of fecal is genrally |
Foul odor |
