Pap Ii Exam I Review

Front 1

To comply with the 2000 ASTM standard, newly manufactured AMs must be able to monitor the following parameters:

Back 1

Continuous breathing system pressure
Exhaled Vt
Ventilatory CO₂ concentration
Anesthetic vapor concentration
O₂ supply pressure
Arterial O₂ sat of Hgb
Arterial B/P
ECG

Front 2

What is the pressure range of nitrous oxide in the HIGH Pressure Circuit?

Back 2

750 to 45psig

Front 3

What is the pressure range of oxygen in the HIGH Pressure Circuit?

Back 3

2200 to 45psig

Front 4

The high pressure circuit is confined to...

Back 4

the cylinders and the primary pressure regulators.

Front 5

Where does the Intermediate Pressure Circuit begin and end?

Back 5

It begins at the regulated cylinder supply, and includes the pipeline sources.
It ends at the flow control valves.

Front 6

What is the pressure in the IPC where it begins at the pressure regulators?

Back 6

45psig

Front 7

What is the pressure in the IPC where it begins at the pipeline supply?

Back 7

50 to 55psig

Front 8

Where does the LPC begin and end?

Back 8

Begins at the flow control valve
Ends at the common gas outlet.

Front 9

A second stage regulator is present in some anesthesia machines. What pressure range does this regulate (reduce) the gas supply to for the flow control valves?

Back 9

14-26psig

Front 10

What pressure circuit includes flow tubes, vaporizer manifold, the vaporizers, and the one way check valve?

Back 10

Low Pressure Circuit

Front 11

Is the fail safe valve located upstream or downstream from the nitrous oxide supply?

Back 11

Downstream

Front 12

The ____ _____ _____ shuts off or proportionally decreases the nitrous oxide if the oxygen supply fails.

Back 12

Fail Safe valve

Front 13

What level priority alarm is activated when the oxygen supply declines and reaches the preset threshold ? (30psig)

Back 13

High Priority Alarm

Front 14

At what pressure will the oxygen from the flow control valve be constant?

Back 14

>14psig

Front 15

T or F. The flow control valve separates the HPC from the LPC.

Back 15

False.
It separates the IPC and LPC.

Front 16

The one-way check valve prevents back flow into the ______.

Back 16

Vaporizers
This is important in positive pressure ventilation.

Front 17

What breathing mixture of oxygen does the AM's nitrous oxide-oxygen proportioning system maintain?

Back 17

23 to 25% oxygen.

Front 18

T or F. The hypoxic guard mechanisms are fool proof.

Back 18

False

Front 19

At what percentage of oxygen is a mixture hypoxic?

Back 19

<21% oxygen

Front 20

Oxygen has 5 jobs in an anesthesia machine. List them.

Back 20

1. runs the fresh gas flowmeter
2. powers the oxygen flush
3. activates fail safe mechanisms
4. activates oxygen low pressure alarm
5. compresses the bellows

Front 21

Cylinder pressure is measured by a _______ pressure gauge.

Back 21

Bourdon

Front 22

Pipeline inlets are fitted with DISS, a filter, check valve, and gauge. What size are the pores of the filter?

Back 22

100 micrometers

Front 23

Cylinder check valves are designed to do what?

Back 23

Prevent back flow and
burst under pressure,
open at extreme pressures,
or melt at high temperatures
to prevent explosion of the cylinder.

Front 24

How does transfilling happen when a dual yoke hanger is used and what does it generate?

Back 24

Occurs when both cylinders are open. The cylinder with high pressure will fill the cylinder with the lower pressure and generates heat - creating a fire hazard.

Front 25

At what pressure does the pipeline gas supply have to drop to for the anesthesia machine to use cylinder gas supply?

Back 25

<45psi

Front 26

When the oxygen flush is activated, the oxygen bypasses what?

Back 26

The vaporizers

Front 27

T or F. Excessive use of the oxygen flush will increase the depth of anesthesia

Back 27

False
It would dilute the inhaled anesthetics and lighten the depth of anesthesia.

Front 28

Critical Temperature and pressure of Oxygen

Back 28

-119 ^oC
(-182 ^oF)
49.7atm

Front 29

Critical temperature of Nitrous Oxide.

Back 29

36.5 ^oC
(98 ^oF)
64atm

Front 30

How much Liter flow is required by standard from the flush valve?

Back 30

35 - 75L/min

Front 31

The ______ flow meter control knob is distinct in visual and tactile form from other control knobs.

Back 31

oxygen

Front 32

The oxygen - nitrous oxide proportioning systems maintain what oxygen to nitrous oxide ratio?

Back 32

3:1

Front 33

The oxygen analyzer is the only system that does what?

Back 33

Ensures that oxygen is present in the pipeline or cylinder.

Front 34

What two types of oxygen sensors are currently in use?

Back 34

1. Electrochemical
2. Paramagnetic analyzer

Front 35

What is the minimum oxygen flow that can be set when the AM is turned on?

Back 35

200mL/min

Front 36

Today it is helpful to know what to ensure a safe pre-use check of the AM is performed?

Back 36

knowing which components are tested automatically and which ones are not.

Front 37

In 1979, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) published standards that defined what?

Back 37

Design
Performance
Safety requirements

Front 38

Regulates the transport of high pressure gas cylinders. Also design, construction, storage, testing, marketing, labeling, handling, maintenance, and filling.

Back 38

Department of Transportation

Front 39

A facility needs to be compliant with the standards set by this agency to get Joint Commission accreditation.

Back 39

Compressed Gas Association

Front 40

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) sets basic performance and safety requirements for:

Back 40

-Components of anesthesia machines
-Endotracheal tubes and connections
-Pressure vacuum and gas regulators

Front 41

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the research arm of what federal agency?

Back 41

The Occupational Safety Health Act (OSHA)

Front 42

What are OSHA standards based on?

Back 42

NIOSH recommendations

Front 43

For the anesthesia field, this administration sets purity standards for medical gases and prescription drugs.

Back 43

The Food & Drug Administration

Front 44

Ensures that a facility is complying to good practices and health care quality improvement.

Back 44

Joint Commission

Front 45

Agency sets standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services.

Back 45

American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)

Front 46

Establishes color coding for pipelines and compressed gas cylinders.

Back 46

Military Standards 1018

Front 47

A non-governmental agency that forms a bridge between the public and private sectors.

Back 47

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Front 48

Establishes international standards for the identification of medical gas cylinders

Back 48

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Front 49

Establishes and disseminates a bunch of codes and standards to help minimize the possibility and effects of fire and other risks.

Back 49

National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA)

Front 50

This standard applies to the installation, storage, use, and handling of compressed gases and cryogenic fluids in portable and stationary containers, cylinders, and tanks in all occupancies

Back 50

NFPA 55

Front 51

The pressure that would occur at absolute vacuum.

Back 51

Absolute pressure (Pa)

Front 52

14.696psi = 101.3kPa = 101,325Pa =760mmHg = 760torr =

Back 52

1atm

Front 53

Definition: A material in a container with an absolute pressure greater than 276kPa (40 psi) at 21^oC, or an absolute pressure >717kPa (104psi) at 54^oC (130^oF), or both, or any liquid flammable material having vapro pressure > 276kPa (40psi) at 38^oC (100F)

Back 53

Definition of a Compressed Gas

Front 54

Is that which changes or tends to change the state of rest or motion of an object and is measured in Newtons.

Back 54

Force

Front 55

The force that will give a mass of 1kg an acceleration of 1 meter/second.

Back 55

Newton (N)

Front 56

N=kg(m/s)

Back 56

Formula for calculating Newtons

Front 57

Is the force applied or distributed over a surface, and is expressed as force per unit area.

Back 57

Pressure

Front 58

P=f/a

Back 58

Formula for calculating pressure.

Front 59

The volume of a fixed amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure when the temperature is constant.

Back 59

Boyle's Law

Front 60

Equation for Boyle's Law is:

Back 60

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Front 61

In a syringe, the volume of a fixed amount of gas is increased by drawing back on the syringe, which also reduces the pressure. This is an example of which gas law?

Back 61

Boyle's Law

Front 62

In a hot air balloon, as the air is heated and the molecules expand the balloon. This is an example of which gas law?

Back 62

Charle's Law

Front 63

Equation for Charle's Law is:

Back 63

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

Front 64

The volume of a fixed amount of any gas is directly proportional to it's Kelvin temperature, if the pressure is kept constant.

Back 64

Charle's Law

Front 65

The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of their individual partial pressures.

Back 65

Dalton's Law

Front 66

Equation for Dalton's Law is:

Back 66

P_total = p₁ + p₂ + p₃.........

Front 67

The pressure of a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the volume is kept constant.

Back 67

Gay-Lussac's Law

Front 68

Throwing an aerosol spray can into a fire would heat the gases inside the can causing it to eventually explode. This would be an example of which gas law?

Back 68

Gay-Lussac's Law

Front 69

The mass of a gas that dissolves in water is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas.

Back 69

Henry's Law

Front 70

In a bottle of Coke, the CO₂ (carbonation) is under pressure while the bottle is sealed. Once the bottle is opened, the pressure is released and the CO₂ comes out of the solution of Coke. This is an example of which gas law?

Back 70

Henry's Law

Front 71

PV = nRT. The ratio of PV/nT is the same for all gases.

Back 71

Universal Gas Law
(Ideal Gas Law)

Front 72

Hydrostatic, burst, tensile strength, charpy impact test, and pressure cycling are methods to check for:

Back 72

Defects or leaks in gas cylinders.

Front 73

T or F. The information imprinted on a gas cylinder includes the type of cylinder, working service pressure, serial number, date of manufacture, manufacture's code, and sometimes the test pressure.

Back 73

True

Front 74

The gas cylinders are manufactured to contain gas under a specific pressure also know as the:

Back 74

Service pressure

Front 75

Interior hydrostatic pressure test is done how often?

Back 75

At least every 5 years

Front 76

Bismuth, lead, tin, and cadmium are used to make this type of gas cylinder cap.

Back 76

Wood's metal cap

Front 77

The Woods metal cap melts at what temperature in ^oC?

Back 77

71.4 ^oC

Front 78

Above this temperature a given gas can not be liquefied, no matter how much pressure is exerted upon it.

Back 78

Critical Temperature

Front 79

Critical temperature and pressure of CO₂

Back 79

31.2 ^oC
73atm

Front 80

Critical temperature and pressure of water

Back 80

374 ^oC
217.7atm

Front 81

Critical temperature an dpressure of NH₃

Back 81

132 ^oC
111.5atm

Front 82

How many E cylinders of O₂ do most anesthesia machines have?

Back 82

2 cylinders

Front 83

On an E cylinder, what is designed to rupture at 3000psig?

Back 83

The pressure relief valve

Front 84

Critical Temperature of air

Back 84

-140.6 ^oC

Front 85

Full volume of an O₂ E cylinder tank.

Back 85

660L

Front 86

Full volume of N₂O tank

Back 86

1590 L

Front 87

Full volume of an air tank

Back 87

625L

Front 88

Full weight of N₂0 cylinder

Back 88

8.8kg

Front 89

Empty Weight of all E-cylinders

Back 89

5.9kg

Front 90

Full weight of O₂ tank

Back 90

6.76kg

Front 91

Full pressure of N₂O tank

Back 91

745psig

Front 92

Full pressure of O₂ tank

Back 92

1900-2200psig

Front 93

What attaches a cylinder to the AM, orients and supports the cylinder, provides an air tight seal, and ensures unidirectional flow of gases?

Back 93

Dual Yoke Hangers

Front 94

Is a safeguard system to prevent cylinder interchanging and the accidental placement of the wrong gas on a yoke.

Back 94

Pin Index Safety System

Front 95

A process in which the compression occurs rapidly without transfer of energy to the environment. A process in which no heat is transferred.

Back 95

Adiabatic Compression

Front 96

The temperature change of a gas or liquid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while kept insulated so that no heat is exchanged.

Back 96

Joule-Thomson Effect

Front 97

In this safeguard system, only compatible parts will fit together and allow proper thread engagement.

Back 97

Diameter Index Safety System