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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most common cause of acute pancreatitis in children
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trauma
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Most common cause of acute pancreatitis in adults
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alcohol abuse, biliary tract stones, idiopathic
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Clinical Presentation of Acute Pancreatitis
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Cullen Sign with ecchymotic discoloration around the umbilicus
Grey Turner's Sign with ecchymotic discoloration of the flank increased amylase increase lipase |
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Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis in children
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cystic fibrosis
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Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis in adults
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alcohol abuse
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Pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis
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hypersecretion of protein causing a ductal plug and/or ductal obstruction by concretions
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Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis
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weight loss from malabsorption, hyperglycemia (DM), pseudocyst or calcification on CT, steatorrhea
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4 complications of acute pancreatitis
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pancreatic abscess, pancreatic pseudocyst, duodenal obstruction, low Ca and Mg
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4 complications of chronic pancreatitis
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pseudocyst, steatorrhea (malabsorption), DM2, chronic pain
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Chvostek Sign
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facial spasms from low Ca and Mg with actute pancreatitis
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3 types of pancreatic cysts
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pseudocyst: fluid rich in pancreatic enzymes, blood, necrotic tissue and lined with granulation tissue instead of epithelial tissue like most cysts
congenital cyst: polycystic kidney disease (RARE) cystic neoplasms: serous, mucinous, solid, papillary |
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Pancreatic Carcinoma
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poor prognosis,eldery and heavy smokers, inactivation of p16 and p53
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Mets of pancreatic carcinoma
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lymph nodes, liver, lungs
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Courvoisier Sign
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gallbladder is dilated if the common bile duct is blocked by a pancreatic cancer
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Paraneoplastic Syndrome of pancreatic cancer
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increased coagulation factors, platelet aggregation, thrombophlebitis
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Islet Cell Tumors
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Insulinoma, Glucagonoma, Somatostatinoma
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Insulinoma
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Benign
increased insulin, increased C-peptide, HYPOglycemia |
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Glucagonoma
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Malignant
HYPERglycemia, DM, rash |
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Somatostatinoma
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DM, steatorrhea, gallstones, achlorohydria
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Where do most pancreatic cancers begin?
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the head of the pancreas
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Genetics of cystic fibrosis
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autosomal recessive, chromosome 7, CFTR gene encodes a chloride channel
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Organ systems affected by CF
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abnormal clearance and obstruction of sweat glands, pancreas, lungs, reproductive system, and GI
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Complications of CF
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recurrent lung infections, steatorrhea, male infertility, hepatic cirrhosis, pancreatic insufficiency, bronchiectasis
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