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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the islet of langerhans hormones?
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1) Insulin
2) Glucagon |
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What are the majority of the hormones?
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1) Insulin at about 60-70%
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How does beta cell regulate insulin secretion?
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In short, it leads to a calcium influx in the cell that stimulates insulin release by exocytosis.
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What increases insulin secretion?
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1) Glucagon
2) Acetylcholine 3) b-adrenergic stimulation |
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What decreases insulin secretion
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1) Somatostain
2) a2-adrenergic stimulation |
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Insulin is a polypeptide containing two chains. There are variations in these chains among species which causes Insulin to be ____.
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Antigenic
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What else is released during insulin secretion? Are they released in equal amounts?
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1) Insulin
2) C-peptide chain Both released equimolar |
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Activation of which enzyme due to phosphorylation from insulin receptors causes translocation of GLUT4 for glucose uptake?
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Phosphoinositide-3-kinase
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Cycling of GLUT4 transporters facilitates glucose uptake in the insulin-sensitive tissues:
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1) Skeletal
2) Cardiac 3) Adipose Tissue |
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Insulin action decreases the plasma concentration of what?
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1) Glucose
2) FFA 3) Keto Acids 4) Amino Acids |
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The major sites of insulin action are on which organs?
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1) Liver
2) Muscle 3) Adipose Tissue |
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What does growth hormone affect?
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Metabolism of carbohydrates and lipid metabolism
Stimulates the expression of insulin gene and also the resistance to the action of insulin gene. Inhibits glucose uptake in the muscle and adipose cells. Resulting in increase in plasma [Ca2+]. |
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How do TH T3 and T4 affect metabolic metabolism/
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Increases carbohydrate metabolism. Does this by enhancing the actions of catecholamines by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
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Glucocorticoids do what to regulate glucose
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Increase the plasma glucose level by:
1) decreasing glucose uptake by muscle 2) stimulating gluconeogenesis and storage of glucose as glycogen (in the liver) |
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How do catecholamines increase plasma glucose levels?
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Stimulating:
1) glycogenolysis 2) gluconeogenesis via catecholamines through a1 receptors 3) Inhibit insulin secretion |
