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257 Cards in this Set
- Front
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3 main drugs that cause lupus like rxn
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procainamide
hydralazine INH |
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main differences between nephritic and nephrotic syndrome
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Both have proteinuria BUT nephrotic has LOTS of proteinuria (>3g/day)
nephritic has hematura |
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uveitis with bilateral hilar adenopathy
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sarcoid
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most common cause of both primary and secondary amenorrhea
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PREGNANCY
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sudden onset of pain in hips & shoulders; worse in am; cant lift hands above head
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polymyalgia rheumatica
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why do we give ampicillin as part of atbx regimen to infants if suspect meningitis...what are we trying to cover?
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listeria
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normal cath but elevated troponin; pt also had URI 2 wks prior...dx?
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myocarditis
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#1 drug to use in Lyme Disease?
2nd choice? (i.e if have kid <12y/o) |
#1 doxy; #2 amoxicillin
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most common vessel involved in ischemic stroke
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MCA (supplies internal capsule)
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if pt has pneumonia & also has inc LDH, what type of pneumonia
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PCP (pneumocystis carinii pneumonia)
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what knee test is this...knee is in 20 degress of flexion and tibia is forced forward while femur stabilized?
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lachman test (tests ACL)*note that anterior drawet sign also tests ACL but knee is 80 degrees in flexion
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potential complication of traumatic hyphemia
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acute angle closure glaucoma (RBCs can block flow through anterior chamber)
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Rheumatoid arthritis involves what joints in hands & spares what joints?
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RA involves DIP joints but spares MCPs
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most frequent presenting complaint in pt with brain abscess is?
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HA (dull constant aching & refractive to therapy)
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what bilirubin will be high if extrahepatic biliary obstruction
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high direct (conjugated) bilirubin [obstruction in biliary tree; urine will be + bilirubin]
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what dz is correlated with dermatitis herpetiformis
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celiac sprue
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male pt with mild mental retardation, small testicles, infertility, round body shape..what is dz and what is karotype
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XXY; klinefelters syndrome
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pt being treated for TB has central scotoma, decr VA, & loss of red/green color perception..what drug causing these probs
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ethambutol (E=eye)
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Salter 1-5
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1: inc in Space b.w epiphyseal plate & metaphysis
2: fx Above plate (in metaphysis) 3: fx Lower (in epiphyseal plate) 4: fx Through metaphysis & epiphysis 5: REALLY BAD (comminuted frx) |
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appropriate wt gain for pt at 4 mo old and 1 yr
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double at 4 mo; triple at 12 mo
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lens shaped hemorrhage noted on head CT...dx?
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epidural hematoma
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where is lesion in brain if visual loss is...
-bitemporal hemianopsia? -homonymous hemianopsia? |
Bitemporal: pituitary gland
Homonymous: occipital lobe |
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pos/neg birefringence of crystals in joint fluid
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pos birefrigence: pseudogout
neg: gout |
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sodium high/low in...
pre-renal ARF? post-renal ARF? |
Pre-renal: decr Na
Post-renal: normal Na |
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what happens to hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy murmur with Valsalva maneuver
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increase
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eosinophiluria is hallmark of ?
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interstitial nephritis
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pt has watery/bloody diarrhea with S shaped gram neg rods in stool; may have eaten uncooked chicken...what is cause & what's tx?
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campylobacter...erythromycin
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a vasculitis that involves small arteries & presents most commonly with pulm involvement
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wegener granulomatosis
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most common cause of galactorrhea and amenorrhea
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pregnancy (THEN prolactinoma)
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what is this describing...can't see (iritis/uveitis), cant pee (dysura), cant climb a tree (arthritis) & cant sleep with me (chlamydia)
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Reiters syndrome (assoc w HLA B27)
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what is koilonychia and what condition is it a sign of
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spoon shaped nails---iron def anemia
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what disorder assoc with philadelphia chrom in 90% of cases
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CML
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malignant otitis externa requires what type of tx (DM, foul discharge, fever, etc)
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hospitalization and IV atbx (i.e Cipro)
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child had 3 day hx of high fever & now has diffuse fine maculopapular rash. dx
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Roseola
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the influenza drug Amantadine is also used in what dz?
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parkinsons
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what is Auspitz sign?
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bleeding when plaques on skin removed; indicates psoriasis
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herpes zoster of ear canal aka
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ramsey hunt syndrome
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This drug causes gingival hyperplasia and hirsutism; at high doses it causes nystagmus, ataxia, and diplopia
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Dilantin (phenytoin)
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what inc likelihood that pt will precipitate calcium containing kidney stones
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inc in Na intake and inc in animal protein (more so than inc Ca intake)
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how is EF in diastolic heart failure
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ejection fraction is normal
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best option for treating uncomplicated cystitis in preg women
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nitrofurantoin (macrobid) {remember that bactrim contraindicated in 3rd trimester}
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what electrolyte abnormality is seen in bulimia nervosa?
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hypokalemia
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type 1 allergic rxn... mediated by, time frame, & caused what si/symptoms?
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IgE mediated; immediate; rash to anaphylactic shock
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type 2 allergic rxn...mediated by, time frame, & caused what si/symptoms?
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antibody mediated (IgG & IgM); hrs to days; ITP, hemolytic anemia, cytopenia
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type 3 allergic rxn...
mediated by & caused what si/symptoms? |
immunde mediated (antibody-antigen attack); serum like sickness, SLE, post strep glomerulonephritis
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type 4 allergic rxn...mediated by & caused what si/symptoms?
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cell mediated; hashimotos, severe rash,
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avulsion of extensor tendon at its insertion on distal phalanx is
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mallet finger
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PFTs indicate Reduced residual vol and reduced vital capacity.. what type of lung dz?
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restrictive (obstructive=inc RV)
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7 y/o c easy bruising, bleeding gums, ets; labs show inc bleeding time; inc aPTT; normal plts...probable dx?
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von willebrand
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most common cause of nephrotic syndrome
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membranous nephropathy
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fetus exposed to CMV at risk for?
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sensorineural hearing loss
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exudative pleural effusions: pleural LDH is____, pleural glucose is ____
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pleural LDH is high but glucose is low
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what OTC med for constipation should chronic renal insuff pts avoid
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milk of magnesium
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What do the following fetal monitor tracings suggest?
Early decel? Late decel? variable decel? |
Early decel--head pressure
late decel--hypoxia variable decel--cord compression |
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breast development begins __- years before menarche
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breast development 2 yrs before menarche
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most common malignant primary tumor of bone
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osteosarcoma (most common in teenage boys)
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if pt has burns, 1/2 of total fluid replacement (acc to parkland formula) should be given within the first ___ hrs
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first 8 hrs then remaining half over next 16 hrs
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tenderness directly over greater trochanter is most common finding of
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trochanteric bursitis
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rupture of extensor tendon causing flexion at PIP joint describes
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Boutonniere deformity
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where do medulloblastomas arise from in the brain
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roof of 4th ventricle
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gram stain of chlamydia?
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neg b/c its intracellular
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"electrical alterans" on EKG sign of
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pericardial effusion (heart swinging in bag of "water: so different heights of R waves & depths of S waves)
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finding on EKG that suggests multifocal atrical tachycardia
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greater than 3 different O waves with varying PR intervals
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what causes fetal hydantoin syndrome? (flat nasal bridge, cleft palate, hypoplasia of dital phalanges, small nails)
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phenytoin
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pupil small & irreg; doesnt react to direct nor consenual light, DOES accomodate...dx?
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argyll robertson pupil (tertiary syphillis)
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what hormone primarily responsible for sustaining pregnancy
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progesterone
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being a rubber industry worker puts you at risk for
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bladder ca b/c involves working with toluene
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"double bubble" seen on ab xray & us of newborn who is vomitting & ab distended...dx?
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duodenal atresia
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absorb or nonabsorbable?
Prolene? Silk? Vicryl? |
prolene and silk are nonabsorbable;
vicryl is absorbable |
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what type of incontinence...loss of urine when incr in intra-ab pressure, sphincter weakness, & constant wetting
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stress
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thumb sign on LATERAL soft tissue xray
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epiglottitis
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on 3rd day after MI, pt has apical systolic murmur...dx?
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papillary muscle dysfunction (causes regurg through a failing mitral valve)
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3 conditions in which you cant use metformin
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CHF requiring tx, renal failure, liver failure
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what cranial nerve is evaluated by swinging flashlight test
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CN II-Optic (measures direct & consensual response to light)
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jefferson frx is frx of the
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atlas (usu due to axial loading, ie something landing on head)
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antidote for Heparin
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protamine
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pos ASO titer indicates
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scarlet fever
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what does ASA affect in order to cause its antiplatelet effect
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thromboxane A2
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2 mo old had first set of shots; 8 hrs later she became irritable & febrile...what shot is cause
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P (pertussis) of DPT shot
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tx for PACs (premature atrial contractions)
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benign; just avoid caffeine, etoh, smoking
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what is phytonadione and what is it used for
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vitamin K; used in coumadin toxicity
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drug of choice in wilson's dz
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penicillamine
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12 y/o has colle's frx...what type of splint to put him in
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sugar tong
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if CXR reveals lung mass with popcorn calcifications, what do you do next
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order followup CXR in 6 months
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difference between cushing disease and cushing syndrome
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cushing disease is ACTH secreting pituitary tumor; cushing syndrome is all ppl who are cushingoid whether it be from cushing dz or another cause
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which nerve root level is responsbile for weakness of hallicus longus dorsiflexion
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L5
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uvular deviation, trismus, & muffled voice...dx?
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peritonsillar abscess
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several ppl in community develop pneumonia but nothing seen on gram stain of sputum. cause of pneumonia
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legionella (tx c macrolide or TCN)
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bleeding into joints (hemarthrosis) will only occur with what clotting/bleeding disorder
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hemophilias (will not happen in thrombocytopenia)
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diarrhea, dementia, symettric dry scaling lesions on sun exposed areas...what is vitamin def
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Pellegra (niacin deficiency)
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inherited condition with inc in circulating unconjugated bilirubin; no long term prob other than jaundice...dx
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gilberts syndrome
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what complication may be noted with replacement of thyroid hormone in elderly
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congestive heart failure
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if suspect mono but pt is neg for epstein barr virus, what is cause of pt's illness
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cmv
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what increases amplitude of P wave in lead II on EKG
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right atrial enlargement
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you palpate double systolic pulsation on pt; what murmur will you hear
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decrescendo, diastolic murmur (this is aortic regurg)
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what type of hepatitis has greatest risk of substantial morbidity and mortality during pregnancy
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hep E
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what's high/low in Primary hyperparathyroidism:
Calcium? phosporous? alk phos? |
calcium high
phosphorous low alk phos high |
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primary derm lesion seen in lyme's disease
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erythema migrans
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drug class of choice for pt with benign familial essential tremor and essential htn
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beta blocker
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fresh frozen plasma contains ___ AND _____
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all coag factors AND anticoag proteins
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how to differentiate between hepatocellular and cholestatic liver disease
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In cholestatic, more elevation from normal will be seen in alk phos (hepatocellular liver disease is damage to liver so alt and ast will be elevated)
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how do you distinguish CVA from Bell's Palsy
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Bell's Palsy---has loss of forehead creases
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what type of lung ca causes SIADH, superior vena cava syndrome, hypercalcemia, eaton lambert syndrome (myasthenia like)
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small cell
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thiamine is given to alcoholics BEFORE IV glucose in order to prevent
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wernicke-korsakoff syndrome (wernicke's encephalopathy)
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what test is this...supine, hip & knee flexed; tibia internall rotated & valgus forces applied.
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McMurrays test
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CN that closes eyelids vs keeps them open
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CN 7 closes eyelids (think of 7 looking like a hook)
CN 3 keeps eyelids open |
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drug of choice for treating tremors of EtOh withdrawal
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ativan
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most common congenital heart defect among children
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VSD
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what drug is used to tx children with enuresis
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desmopressin (DDAVP)
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frx described as "dinner fork deformity"
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Colles frx
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drug of choice for thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy
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PTU (propylthiouracil) but beware b/c causes agranulocyotiss
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19 y/o white Female got PE while on OCPs...what clotting condition prob predisposed her to this
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factor V leiden (inactivates protein C)
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noncyanotic heart defects
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all the septal defects (ASD, VSD)
PDA coaractation of aorta (for most part) |
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if pt has received BCG, then what induration meas constitutes + ppd
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>15mm
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what lab finding is most suggestive and supposrtive of mycoplasma pneumonia
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elevated cold agglutinin titer
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Battles sign?
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ecchymosis over mastoid process---suggests basilar skull frx
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increased intracranial pressure from closed head injury...pt will have
___BP ___HR ___RR |
high BP
low HR and RR |
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screening tests for hepatocellular carcinoma in pts with cirrhosis
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alpha fetoprotein
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most common type of hernia affecting both sexes and all age groups
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indirect inguinal hernia
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what is normal ankle-brachial index and what # means claudication present
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1 is normal
<0.8=claudication |
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most common site of acute arterial occlusion due to embolic disease
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femoral artery
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what nerve in jeopardy to be injured during hernia repair
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ilioinguinal nerve (will have numbness on medial aspect of scrotum)
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type of colon polyp that should be surgicall resected b/c of its high risk of malignancy
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villous
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when should annual colonoscopies begin in someone with familial adenomatous polyposis
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age 10
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classic barium enema finding associated with sigmoid colon cancer
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apple core lesion
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very common cause of LARGE bowel obstruction
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adenocarcinoma
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difference between direct and indirect hernia
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if medial to inferior epigastric artery then direct (if lateral then indirect)
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what is antiendomysial
antibody (AEA) assoc with |
celiac sprue
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A hospitalized patient is found with confirmed pulseless ventricular tachycardia. IV access is obtained following the second shock given. Which of the following medications is to be administered immediately?
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epi
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A patient with advanced AIDS complicated by toxoplasmosis presents with altered mental status, recent onset of
seizures, and focal neurologic deficits. Which of the following diagnostic studies is most helpful? |
MRI (will show enhancing rings of toxo) lp contraind b/c mass effect
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Normal hemoglobin A is made of what combination of heme and globin chains?
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2-alphas and 2-betas
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An electrocardiogram (ECG) shows a sinus rhythm with varying T wave heights, axis changes every other beat and a wandering baseline. Which of the following is most likely the diagnosis?
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pericardial effusion (electrial alterans b/c heart floating in fluid)
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first-line therapy for patients with euvolemic hyponatremia that is caused
by SIADH |
restrict free water
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Abduction of the shoulder against resistance helps localize pain in which of the following muscles of the shoulder
girdle? |
supraspinatus
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Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) are associated with
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crohns disease
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A 52 year-old obese patient with persistent heavy menses undergoes an endometrial biopsy and is diagnosed with
atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. What is the next step in the management of this patient? |
This has a 20-30% risk to go to endometrial ca so tx ith hysterectomy
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how to tx metablic acidosis due to methanol ingestion
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ethanol
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A patient states that he has been camping in the mountains of North Carolina for the past two weeks. He presents to
the clinic complaining of "flu-like" symptoms for the past 10-14 days however he notes that he started to develop a slight rash on his wrist and ankles about seven days ago. Which of the following tests would provide a confirmatory diagnosis? |
The immunofluorescent assay will confirm antibodies to Rickettsia.
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When evaluating jugular venous pulsations a prominent a wave represents which of the following?
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The a wave corresponds to right atrial contraction. so something like atria contracting against a closed tricupsid valve would cause it
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Treatment of acute renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis is best accomplished with...
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IV fluids and forced alkaline
diuresis (ie with sodium bicarb) |
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A patient is concerned about being exposed to condyloma acuminata. Which of the following tests is most
appropriate to perform in order to better identify these lesions? |
.Acetowhitening. A 3 to 5% acetic acid soln is applied to these suspected genital warts for five to ten min. Condyloma lesions will whiten and appear as circumscribed macular or papular lesions with a granular surface.
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A patient presents uncertain as to whether he has completed the Hepatitis B vaccination series. What lab test would be most helpful in determining his immunization status?
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Anti-HBs is the circulating antibody that develops to surface antigen in response to either past Hep B infection or to Hepatitis B immunization.
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physical exam finding that is consistent with a diagnosis of lobar pneumonia?
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Late inspiratory crackles
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65 year-old pt who recently had anterior MI returns to clinic for follow-up six weeks after. She has no chest pain, but reports decreased exercise tolerance. ECG shows persistent ST elevation in leads V2-V4. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Ventricular aneurysm
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bite from which type of spider is associated c fever, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, bradycardia, hypertension, and
tachyarrhythmias? |
black widow
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Patients with mechanical MV prostheses should maintain an INR between ? Aortic mechanical valves
can be maintained at an INR of ? |
Patients with mechanical MV prostheses should maintain an INR between 2.5-3.5. Aortic mechanical valves
can be maintained at an INR of 2.0-3.0. |
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40 y/o F presents with Pap smear abnormality revealing atypical glandular cells (AGUS). What is the
most appropriate intervention? |
Colposcopy and endometrial sampling
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A positive osmotic fragility test is seen in which of the following?
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Hereditiary spherocytosis
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Patients with primary adrenal insufficiency will have ------kalemia and ----natremia
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hyperkalemia and hyponatremia
(adrenal gland will not produce aldosterone so kidneys will not save sodium) |
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what physical exam finding suggests worsening aortic stenosis
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palpable thrill or LV heave with associated murmur suggests severe AS
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distinctive feature of Ewing sarcoma is the radiographic appearance of?
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periosteal "onion skin" reaction.
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Maternal blood pressure normally decreases the most during what period of pregnancy
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2nd trimester
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G2P1001 female presents to the office at 11 weeks gestation c vaginal bleeding, mid-lower ab cramping, and bilateral lower pelvic discomfort. On examination, bright red blood is seen coming from cervical os. The cervix is closed. The uterus is 9-11 weeks in size by palpation. Her blood pressure is 120/70 mmHg and pulse is 96. What is the patient's most likely diagnosis?
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threatened abortion
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When is open reduction required for a boxers fracture?
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When degree of dorsal angulation is > 40 degrees.
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relatively common cause of mild isolated elevations in indirect serum bilirubin
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gilberts syndrome
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55 year-old female presents with a lesion on her face that is painful, bright red, with distinct raised borders. She also is complaining of fever and chills. no evidence of any marks which would show a portal of entry. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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erysipelas
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Pt presents with a long hx of dyspepsia refractory to maximum appropriate therapy. A recent upper GI series revealed multiple gastric and duodenal ulcerations with prominent mucosal folds. What dx do you suspect?
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is indicated in patients with stones > than ???? in size or ????
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Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is indicated in patients with stones greater than 6 mm in size or
intractable pain. |
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criteria utilized to evaluate the adequacy of a sputum sample.
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presence of increased polymorphonuclear leukocytes and absence of squamous epithelial cells
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Formications are most commonly associated with
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Formications--sensation of insects crawling on skin and is associated with delirium
tremens from alcohol withdrawal and cocaine addiction |
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hormone primarily inhibits growth hormone secretion from the pituitary gland?
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Somatostatin
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mainstay of therapy in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
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nsaids ie indomethacin
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treatment of choice in a diabetic with two or three vessel disease.
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CABG
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An infant born at 30 weeks' gestation begins to have respiratory difficulty shortly after birth. Examination reveals
rapid, shallow respirations at 80 per minute with associated intercostal retractions, nasal flaring and progressive cyanosis. Chest x-ray reveals the presence of air bronchograms and diffuse bilateral atelectasis. what is the most likely diagnosis? |
Respiratory distress syndrome (hyaline membrane disease) is the most common cause of respiratory distress
in a premature infant. |
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what mineral involved in transportation vit A, taste perception, wound healing, sperm making, fetal development
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zinc
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what test confirms scabies
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skin scraping with immersion oil
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schizophrenia thats <6 mo but >1mo
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schizophreniform
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prophylaxis against influenza...ie for pts who cant get flu shot due to severe allergy to eggs
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rimantadine
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rice water stools (profuse gray watery diarrhea with no blood or pus)
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vibrio cholerae (in asia and africa)
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how to diagnose CKD
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GFR > 60 (which is creatinine >1.3 in F or >1.5 in M) OR albuminuria >300mg/day or 200mg albumin/g creatinine
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recommended daily dose of folic acid for females of reproductive age
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0.4 mg (have to inc to 4mg if high risk ie had child with neural tube defect)
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best bone for intraosseous infusion of fluids
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anterior tibia
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TB drugs and how long to treat (assuming pt HIV neg)
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isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol x6 months. (add pyroxidine)
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histrionic, narcissitic, antisocial, and borderline are in what cluster of personality disorders
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cluster B
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difference between tangentiality and circumstantiality
thought processes |
tangentiality--gets off the main pt & never get back to it
Circumstantiality--gets off main pt & eventually gets back to it |
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avoidant, dependant, and obsessive-compulsive are part of what personality disorder cluster
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cluster C
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what personality disorder is characterized by excessive detachment from social relationships and cognitive or perceptual distortions
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schizotypal
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difference between phimosis and paraphimosis
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phimosis--tight foreskin that cant be RETRACTED over the glans
PARAPHIMOSIS-does not return after being retracted |
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NONTENDER beefy red ulcer in private area may be syphillis or
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granuloma inguinale
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test to detect primary syphillis
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dark field microscopy (RPR neg during primary syphillis)
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chancre or chancroid painful
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chancroid is painfull
chancre (syphillis)- NO PAIn |
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most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children
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minimal change disease
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most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults
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membranous nephropathy
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absolute indication to begin dialysis
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seizures secondary to uremia
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color blindness usu limited to poor discrimination of
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red and green colors
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defn of legally blind
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when correct vision in better eye is 20/200 or worse
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when do diabetics needs oph exam
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T1DM: oph exam 5 yrs after dx
T2DM: at time of dx |
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sudden decrease in vision with cotton wool spots
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retinal vein occlusion
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Marcus Gunn pupil defect associated with
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optic neuritis (sudden visual loss with painful eye mvmts)
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pupil that accomodates but doesnt react
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argyll robertson pupil (neurosyphillis)
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pupil fixed with no rxn...suspect prob with what CN
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CN 3 secondary to mass lesion
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if cant move eye in and down, suspect prob with what CN
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CN 4 usu due to head trauma
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if cant abduct eye, then suspect prob with what CN
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CN 6 usu due to DM
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form of melanoma that is more common in blacks than whites
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acral lentiginous melanoma (palms, soles, mucous membrances, and subungual area)
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what tx for scabies can you NOT give to infants < 6mo & pregnant women
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Lindane
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bullae are blisters that are larger than
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0.5 cm
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main difference b/w erythema multiforme major and minor
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major involves conjunctival surfaces and mucosal surfaces
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difference between carbuncles and furuncles
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carbuncles (aka boils) are bigger than furuncles
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6 y/o with fever, chills, sore throat, coryza, & now has fiery red facial eruption with circumoral pallor & red macules on buccal mucosa & palate
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erythema infectiousum
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pt has round, well circumsribed 3cm area of alopecia with exclamation point hairs..dx
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alopecia areata
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Rule of Nines in adults:
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head: 4.5
9s: anterior chest, ab, back, buttocks, entire arm (each) 18s: entire leg (each) private area: 1% |
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perifollicular purpura, corkscrew hairs, and gingival bleeding are due to what deficiency
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vit C = scurvy
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thickening of epidermis secondary to scratching describes
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lichen simplex chronicus
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hutchinson's sign
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zoster rash at tip of nose (refer to ophthalmologist)
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how is cervix in a missed abortion
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cervix closed and firm
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proper veseels in umbilical cord
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2 arteries/1 vein
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Nagale's rule to determine delivery date
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subtract 3 from month then add 7 to first day of last menstrual period
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PAP shows LSIL (low grade squamos intraepithelial lesions)..now what to do with pt?
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colposcopy
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worst HPV subtype
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18
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whats needed for reactive nonstress test
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2 accelerations with fetal mvmts over a 20minute period
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if pt having break through bleeding with current OCP, how to change pill to stop bleeding
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change to pill with higher progestin component
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how is uterus with endometriosis
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fixed and retroflexed
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bleeding with closed cervix
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threatened ab
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bleeding with dilated cervix
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inevitable
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fetus dead on u/s but products of conception have not been expelled
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missed abortion
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Reed- Sternberg cells associated with what malignancy
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Hodgkins lymphoma
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paradoxical condition in which clotting and hemorrhage occur simultaneously
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DIC
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ovarian cancer most commonly metastasized to
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the peritoneal cavity
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anemia associated with hyperbilirubinemia and elevated LDH suggests ____anemia
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hemolytic anemia (due to ITP, DIC, TTP, blood incompatibility)
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Christmas disease aka
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hemophilia B (factor 9)
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based on hgb/hct, pt dx'd c anemia. What lab value will differentiate iron def anemia from thalassemia minor
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RDW (will be elevated in iron def anemia b/c differences in each cells width vs normal in thalasemmia
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pt in sickle cell crisis,,,what IV fluid should be started
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D5W (want hypotonic, hyponatremia soln b/c the lower Na & osmolality will slow sickling process)
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most common cause of death in infants with sickle cell disease
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sepsis
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what will erthyropoietin be in aplastic anemia
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high
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drug of choice to tx hemolytic anemia
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prednisone
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hypersegmented neutrophils on peripheral smear suggest___ deficiency
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B12
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PT assesses ____ pathway vs PTT assesses ____ pathway
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PT extrinsic
PTT intrinsic |
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main difference between TTP and DIC (re coag panel results)
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TTP==normal coag panel
DIC==entire coag panel abnormal |
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pt has vertigo x20 min c fluctuating hearing loss & low freq tinnitus in one ear. hearing and tinnitus resolves after episode
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menieres disease
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pt has had decr hearing in right ear over several yrs. her dad had hearing probs for yrs too. weber test lateralizes to right ear. bone conduction > air conduction in R ear.
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otosclerosis
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what nasal condition, if found in young kids, is suggestive of cystic fibrosis
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nasal polyps
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elderly pt presents c slurred speech. when he protrudes her tongue it deviates to right. what CN involved
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Right CN XII
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12 y/o c pain/swelling along floor of mouth. pts tongue is elevated & bilateral tenderness of submandibular triangle. pt c/o dysphagia & is drooling. dx
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ludwigs angina (cellulitis of mouth floor; tx: i&D and atbx)
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18y/o c sore throat x days. pain now loaclized to L side of throat. "hot potato voice"; pain radiates to L ear. also c trismus (difficulty opening mouth)...dx
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peritonsillar abscess
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what tope of hypersensitivity immune response is noted in allergic rhinitis
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type I
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in mono, Monospot atays pos for how long
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3-6 mo but sometimes up to one yr
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major complication of meniere's disease
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irreversible sensorineural hearing loss
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what type of hearing loss is otosclerosis
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conductive
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in unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, what is result of Weber and Rinne
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Weber: refer to bad ear
Rinne: AC > BC remains |
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antihistamines CONTRAINDICATED in otitis media!!!! why?
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thickens secretions (including those in ear canal
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pt is hoarse and cords move when do laryngoscopy...what 2 causes do you suspect
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overuse or squamos cell ca.
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pt had one half of spinal cord severed laterally to midline. she has loss of pain & temp sensation in dermatomes on L from umbilicus down...whats effect on position & vibratory sense
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loss of position sense & vibratory sense on R in same dermatomes. (position & vibration will be distal to injury on same side while pain & temp sensation will be distal to injury on opposite side)
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3 types of tremors
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resting (as in parkinsons), intention (MS), postural (hyperthyroid)
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when testing CN X, uvula deviates ______ deficit
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away from
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____, _____, & _____ travel in posterior column
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position, vibration, and fine touch travel in posterior column
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pt with myasthenia gravis should not be given what class of antibiotics
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aminoglycosides(ie gentamycin)
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injury to what nerve will cause hand weakness (b/c it supplies intrinsic muscles of hand) and "claw hand"
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ulnar nerve
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most common type of intracranial aneurysm
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saccular
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dementia +urinary incontinence + unsteady gait in old person =
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normal pressure hydrocephalus
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what happens when give opiate partial agonist drug (ir talwin or stadol) to pt addicted to narcotics
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pt exhibits "narcotic withdrawal"
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what type of spinal cord injury if pt has hyperesthesia of shoulders & arms & loss of motor fxn > in upper extrem vs lower extrem
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central cord syndrome
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nerve root responsible for these reflexes..
achilles? patellar? biceps? triceps? |
achilles L1-2
patellar L 3-4 biceps C 5-6 triceps C 7-8 (12345678) |
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pt comes in with acute CVA and high BP...how to tx BP
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you dont. will eventually return to baseline
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pt just dx'd with MS..what med can you giver her as intial tx to "prevent" attacks
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beta interferon
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bimodal peak of myasthenia gravis
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2nd and 3rd decade in Females
6th and 7th decade in males |
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sporadic episodes of vertigo and tinnitus with sensorineural hearnig loss describes/.
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Meniere's disease
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most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage
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ruptured aneurysm
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