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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How long after treatment initiation should corticosteroid nasal spray be expected to work for allergic rhinitis?
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1-2 weeks
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Most appropriate initial step for a 1-month history of hoarseness in a smoker with a 40 pack-year history?
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Laryngoscopy
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Reticular white plaques found on the buccal mucosa that cannot be rubbed off.
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Oral lichen planus
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What primary symptom differentiates Meniere's disease from vestibular neuronitis?
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Hearing loss
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Complication of acute otitis externa
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Necrotizing otitis externa (aka malignant otitis externa)
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Most common cause of acute pharyngotonsillitis in a young child.
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Rhinovirus
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A patient with recurrent otitis media is noted on otoscopy to have a chalky patch on the anterior-inferior quadrant of the TM. Likely diagnosis?
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Tympanosclerosis
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2 most likely bacterial causes of sinusitis
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Strep pneumo and H flu
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Unilateral foul-smelling purulent rhinorrhea in a child. Likely diagnosis?
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Nasal foreign body.
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Most likely pathogen to cause acute otitis externa
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Pseudomonas aeruginosae
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A patient with symptoms of sinusitis develops periorbital edema, ptosis, and decreased extraocular movements. What is the most appropriate treatment?
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IV Antibiotics
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10 month old with a barking cough, mild inspiratory stridor, with a 2 day history of URI that is worse at night. No drooling, taking in fluids. Most likely diagnosis?
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Laryngotracheitis (croup)
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Pathology in the cochlea will cause which type of hearing loss?
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Sensorineural
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Splenomegaly in a patient with acute tonsillitis suggests what diagnosis?
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EBV (infectious mononucleosis)
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A child develops a fever, arthralgias, and a confluent rash on the cheeks with a "slapped cheek" appearance
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Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
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If herpes zoster vesicles are found in the external ear canal, what cranial nerve can be affected?
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Facial nerve
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Treatment of choice for strep pharyngitis in a child who is allergic to penicillin.
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Erythromycin
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Define Koebner's phenomena
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Linear lesions caused by allergic contact dermatitis
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"Iris" or "target" lesions, usually found on the hands or feet, are most likely indicative of...
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Erythema multiforme
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A purplish dermal plaque found in an AIDS patient is likely...
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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A 70 year old man presents with a sudden complete loss of vision in his left eye 20 minutes ago, with no symptoms of pain, tearing, or eyelid swelling. Most likely diagnosis?
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Retinal artery occlusion
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Your acne patient who is on Accutane (isotretinoin) decides she wants to get pregnant. What do you do?
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Stop the medication!!
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What systemic endocrine disease is vitiligo often associated with?
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Hypothyroidism
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A 2 year old with a 104 (F) fever for the past 4 days develops an erythematous maculopapular rash on the trunk as the temperature returns to normal. Most likely diagnosis?
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Roseola
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Posterior auricular, cervical, and suboccipital lymphadenopathy in a child is followed by an erythematous maculopapular rash that begins on the face and then becomes generalized. Most likely diagnosis?
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Rubella
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Discrete, solid, skin-colored papules with central umbilication
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Molluscum contagiosum
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Most common complication of varicella in a normal host.
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Secondary bacterial skin infections
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Sharply demarcated erythematous elevated tender area on the face that is associated with a fever. Most likely diagnosis?
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Erysipelas
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More than 6 large cafe-au-lait spots may correlate with what disease process?
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Neurofibromatosis, or von Recklinghausen's disease
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Name the topical immunomodulators
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tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel)
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What is the pharmacologic management of eczema?
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Oral antihistamines, corticosteroids, and topical immunomodulators
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Ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis
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Horner's syndrome
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Where is the lesion located if there is bitemporal hemianopia?
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The optic chiasm
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Where is the lesion located if there is left hemianopia with macular sparing?
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Right dorsal optic radiation
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Where is the lesion located if there is left homonymous hemianopia?
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Right optic tract
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The patient has impaired lateral peripheral vision bilaterally. Diagnosis?
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Bitemporal hemianopia
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A Caucasian female smoker with a family history of blindness presents with rapid painless loss of central vision. Likely diagnosis?
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Exudative macular degeneration
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After sustaining blunt force trauma to the face, the patient's plain films reveal hanging teardrop sign and open bomb-bay door sign. Diagnosis?
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Blowout fracture (orbital fracture). Hanging teardrop sign is herniation of orbital fat into the maxillary sinus. Open bomb-bay door sign is bone fragments in the sinus.
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Idiopathic, sterile chronic granulomatous inflammation of the meibomian gland.
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Chalazion
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What are the most likely bacterial causes of conjunctivitis?
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S. pneumo, H. flu, S. aureus, and N. gonorrhea
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In what type of conjunctivitis is preauricular lymphadenopathy common: Bacterial, viral, chlamydial, or allergic?
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Viral conjunctivitis
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A patient who wear soft contacts presents with a corneal abrasion. What infection is he at risk for, and how should he be treated?
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Pseudomonas. He should get tobramycin or a fluoroquinolone.
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Which type of glaucoma is an ophthalmic emergency?
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Angle-closure
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Which type of glaucoma is due to inadequate drainage of the aqueous humor?
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Open-angle. Angle closure glaucoma is due to restricted flow of aqueous humor.
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What is the normal intraocular pressure?
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10-24 mm Hg
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Which type of glaucoma presents with a gradual loss of peripheral vision and halos around lights?
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Open-angle
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What topical agents used to treat glaucoma are contraindicated in patients with asthma or cardiac conduction defects?
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Topical beta-adrenergic blocking agents (timolol maleate, betaxolol, and levobunolol)
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What is the leading cause of permanent blindness in the elderly?
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Age-related macular degeneration
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In which type of macular degeneration will drusen be noted ophthalmoscopically?
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Non-exudative (dry)
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In which type of macular degeneration will neovascularization be noted on ophthalmoscopy?
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Exudative (wet)
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What are the most common organisms causing orbital cellulitis?
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H. flu and S. pneumo
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A fleshy, triangular encroachment onto the cornea.
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Pterygium
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Where is the most common location of retinal detachment?
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Superior temporal area
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A 60 year old patient presents with painless monocular vision loss. On fundoscopic exam, a cherry red spot is noted on the macula. Diagnosis?
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Retinal artery occlusion
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In which type of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy more likely to occur?
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type II
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