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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Socrates
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Founder of Western Philosophy
Socratic Method |
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Plato
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Student of Socrates
philosopher |
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Aristotle
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Student of Plato
Taught Alexander the Great philosopher big on politics |
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Herodotus
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Father of History
Greeko-Persian wars |
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Thucydides
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Father of scientific history
Peloponnesian War |
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Pythagoras
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Greek mathematician
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Alexander the Great
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Large conquests
Spread of Greek culture |
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Jesus
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Obvious
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Paul
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Spread Christianity
One of earliest and greatest disciples |
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Augustine
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Developed idea of spiritual City of God
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Indo-European
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People moving to Europe with languages from India and the Middle East
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City State
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A city with its own government which did not report to a higher political figure
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Pax Romana
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Great time of peace and growth in Roman Empire
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Roman Law
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No particular custom is right, higher natural law
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City of God
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Separate from human earthly problems
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Constantine
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Moved Roman capitol to Constantinople and made Christianity the official religion
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Muhammad
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founder of Islam
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Clovis
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Welcomed Christianity into newly united Frankish tribes
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Charlemagne
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First King of Holy Roman Empire
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Huns
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Eastern people who attacked Europe and Roman Empire at times
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Sunni
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Majority who supported the Umayyad family as Caliph and leaders of Islam
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Shiite
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Followed Ali who was 4th Caliph claiming all leaders of Islam must come from his line
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Petrine Supremacy
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Spiritual authority given to St. Peter and his successors
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Donation of Constantine
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Forgery which claimed Rome and western half of Roman Empire was given to the pope
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Battle of Tours
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Umayyad against European leaders in which the Islamic forces lost
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Magyars
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Hungarians
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Norse/Vikings
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Terrorized northern Europe and explored new lands even as far as Americas
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Great Schism
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Split between Eastern and Western Churches
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Three field system
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System which farmed 2/3 of fields while leaving the other. This prevented soil exhaustion from occurring
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Feudalism
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Contract between Lord and Vassals. Lord provided protection and vassals worked for lord and periodically paid minor taxes
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Lord/Vassal
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The two parties in feudalism contract
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Serfdom
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Peasant workers who worked the fields for the lords
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Guilds
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Consisted of Master and then an apprentice. Ensured that work was done by reliable and experienced persons and educated younger apprentices.
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Corporate liberties
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Liberties which were for a town, not the individual. Ex: Personal Liberty
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Magna Carta
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English Lords and Churchmen required King John of England to guarantee their historic liberties
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3 Estates
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Clergy first
Nobles second Burghers of chartered towns third |
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Parliament/House of Commons
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Commons, lower land owners
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House of Lords
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great prelates and lay magnates
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Gentry
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Means of noble background
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Gregory VII
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Church separate from state.
Judge and guide all human actions Punish sinful emperors |
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Innocent III
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Got involved in politics. Increased papal power and the power of Rome
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Anslem
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Claimed reason supported Christian faith in God
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Abelard
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Tried to make faith consistent with reason.
Published Sic et Non which had lots of contradictions of Church leaders |
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Thomas Aquinas
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Realism: idea is more real than particular being
demonstrated faith and reason couldn't conflict |
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Cluniac Reform
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purify monastic life. Get rid of greed, ignorance, and family ambition
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Investiture Struggle
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Power Struggle between Kings and Popes
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Canossa
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Where Henry IV did penance
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Scholasticism
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Called for reason, exactness, and disciplined thinking
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Universities
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Centers of research and teaching of younger people.
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Eucharist
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Body and blood of Christ
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Transubstantiation
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Change of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ
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