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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is not related to satisfaction level in labor?
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relief of labor pain
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What is analgesia?
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narcotics and non-narcotics
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What are types of anesthesia?
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local, regional, and general
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What are alternative methods of pain relief?
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Sterile water blocks
TENS natural endorphins Hydrotherapy Hypnotherapy Massage Movement/positioning aromatherapy |
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What is the Gate Control Theory?
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*Brain is where perception of pain occurs
*Gates are either open or closed at the level of the spinal cord |
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What is not related to satisfaction level in labor?
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relief of labor pain
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What is the neuromatrix theory?
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* a network in the brain
*initially, genetically determined *Later affected by sensory input |
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What is analgesia?
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narcotics and non-narcotics
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What doesthe neuromatrix theory say pain is?
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The simultaneous convergence of past experiences, cultural factors, emotional state, cognative input, stress regulation and immune systems
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What are types of anesthesia?
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local, regional, and general
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what are the 3 parallel processing networks in the neuromatrix theory?
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*sensory-discriminative (somatosensory)
*Affective-motivational (limbic system) *Evaluative-cognative (thalamocortical) |
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What are alternative methods of pain relief?
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Sterile water blocks
TENS natural endorphins Hydrotherapy Hypnotherapy Massage Movement/positioning aromatherapy |
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What are 2 types of Synaptic Inputs in the Neuromatrix theory?
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phasic & tonic
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What is the Gate Control Theory?
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*Brain is where perception of pain occurs
*Gates are either open or closed at the level of the spinal cord |
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What are phasic synaptic inputs?
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brief, short inputs
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What is the neuromatrix theory?
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* a network in the brain
*initially, genetically determined *Later affected by sensory input |
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What doesthe neuromatrix theory say pain is?
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The simultaneous convergence of past experiences, cultural factors, emotional state, cognative input, stress regulation and immune systems
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what are the 3 parallel processing networks in the neuromatrix theory?
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*sensory-discriminative (somatosensory)
*Affective-motivational (limbic system) *Evaluative-cognative (thalamocortical) |
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What are 2 types of Synaptic Inputs in the Neuromatrix theory?
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phasic & tonic
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What are phasic synaptic inputs?
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brief, short inputs
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What are tonic synaptic inputs?
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longer lasting inputs such as cultural or past experiences
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How are labor pains transmitted?
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through lumbar, sacral and lower thoracic nerve roots
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What are 2 components of labor pains?
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Visceral & somatic
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What nerve roots mediate the first stage of labor?
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T10 - L1
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When is the addition of the somatic component during labor?
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later part of first stage and the second stage
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What nerve roots mediate the later part of first stage and second stage?
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S1 - S4
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What are some types of regional anethesia?
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Spinal
Epidural Combined Spinal Epidural Paracervical Pudendal |
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What is a combined spinal- epidural?
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Subarachnoid bolus of opiod medication & placement of a epidural catheter
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What is a risk of a paracervical block?
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Can poke baby, cause deceleration
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What are some types of parenteral analgesia?
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opiod agonists & opioid agonist-antagonists
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What is the primary mechanism of parenteral analgesia?
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heavy sedation
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What are some parenteral agents?
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Meperidine 25-50mg Q1-2 hr
fentanyl 50-100ug q1 hr Nalbuphine 10mg Q 3 hr |
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How is Nitrious Oxide used?
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It is self administered with a mask that only works with inspiration, combo 50% O2/N20
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What is the physiology of Nitrous?
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induces release of endorphins for non-opioid pain relief
(physiology is not well understood) |
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What risk factors would indicate a consultation with anesthesia?
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*marked obesity
*Severe edema *anatomical abnormalities of the face,neck,spine (includes trauma/surgery) *Abnormal dentition, small mandible, diffuculty opening mouth *Goiter *Bleeding disorders *Severe preeclampsia *serious medical problems (cardiac, pulmonary, neurologic) *extremely short stature, short neck, arthritis in neck |
