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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is pain? |
Whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whether she or he says it does |
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What is acute pain? |
- pain that follows acute injury, surgery, or disease - lasts no longer than 6 months - has a rapid onset - varies in intensity from mild to severe - usually goes away after damaged area is healed |
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What is chronic pain? |
- pain that is prolonged - last more than 6 months - varies in intensity - due to non-life threatening causes that are often unknown - unpredictability of pain may lead to psychological problems |
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What are some examples of acute pain? |
- Ache of overexercised muscles - pressure from sitting in one position for too long - stinging sensation when something gets stuck in your eye |
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What are some examples of chronic pain? |
- Arthritis - lower back pain - headache - peripheral neuropathy |
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What is cancer pain? |
- Pain due to tumour progression - related to pathology - chronic and/or acute - can be referred pain (at site of tumour or far way) |
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What may be the cause of cancer pain? |
- Tumour progression - side effects of treatment - invasive procedures - infection |
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What are some examples of behavioural response to pain? |
- moving away from painful stimulus - grimacing, moaning, crying - restlessness - protecting the painful area and refusing to move |
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What are some examples of behavioural response to pain? |
- moving away from painful stimulus - grimacing, moaning, crying - restlessness - protecting the painful area and refusing to move |
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What are the physiologic response to pain? |
- increased blood pressure - increased pulse and resp rate - increased adrenaline - increased blood glucose - pupil dilation - vasoconstriction (pallor) - muscle tension and rigidity |
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What is the pain assessment tool and what does each letter stand for? |
OLDCART
O= onset L = location D = duration C = characteristics A = aggravating factors R = relieving factors T= treatment |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of onset? |
When did the pain start? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of onset? |
When did the pain start? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of location? |
Where does it hurt? Does it radiate? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of onset? |
When did the pain start? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of location? |
Where does it hurt? Does it radiate? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of duration? |
How long does the pain last? Does it come and go or is ongoing? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of onset? |
When did the pain start? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of location? |
Where does it hurt? Does it radiate? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of duration? |
How long does the pain last? Does it come and go or is ongoing? |
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What does characteristic mean? |
Consider whether the pain is...
- neuropathic or nerve (sharp, shooting, burning) - somatic (dull, aching) - visceral (cramping, squeezing)
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What would you ask your patient in terms of onset? |
When did the pain start? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of location? |
Where does it hurt? Does it radiate? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of duration? |
How long does the pain last? Does it come and go or is ongoing? |
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What does characteristic mean? |
Consider whether the pain is...
- neuropathic or nerve (sharp, shooting, burning) - somatic (dull, aching) - visceral (cramping, squeezing)
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Would would aggravating factors be? |
- moving - walking - sitting - turning - chewing - breathing - urinating - swallowing |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of onset? |
When did the pain start? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of location? |
Where does it hurt? Does it radiate? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of duration? |
How long does the pain last? Does it come and go or is ongoing? |
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What does characteristic mean? |
Consider whether the pain is...
- neuropathic or nerve (sharp, shooting, burning) - somatic (dull, aching) - visceral (cramping, squeezing)
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Would would aggravating factors be? |
- moving - walking - sitting - turning - chewing - breathing - urinating - swallowing |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of relieving factors? |
What makes the pain better? What have you tried in the past? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of onset? |
When did the pain start? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of location? |
Where does it hurt? Does it radiate? |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of duration? |
How long does the pain last? Does it come and go or is ongoing? |
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What does characteristic mean? |
Consider whether the pain is...
- neuropathic or nerve (sharp, shooting, burning) - somatic (dull, aching) - visceral (cramping, squeezing)
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Would would aggravating factors be? |
- moving - walking - sitting - turning - chewing - breathing - urinating - swallowing |
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What would you ask your patient in terms of relieving factors? |
What makes the pain better? What have you tried in the past? |
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What are some examples of treatment for pain? |
Medication Heat Massage Distraction |
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When should pain be assessed? |
- on a regular basis - before and after any therapeutic intervention is given |
