Pagan To Christianity, Test For Midterm

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Principate

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the period from the reign of Augustus to the end of the 3rd century AD. Used the title to try and hide a dictatorship in a more palatable term that kept up the image of the Republic.

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Princips

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The title Augustus took for himself in the Principate. Literally meant "first citizen."

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Clinetela

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Part of the clinetela/patronus relationship, the clinetela would wait on the patronus in return for protection and support.

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Patronus

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The upper end of the clinetela/patronus relationship, the patronus would help clinetela out of benifits, would provide them with a salary of sorts, and would get benefits and status from having clinentala.

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pater familias

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highest ranking male in the Roman household, had complete control over the people in his household, and could decide whether or not they lived or died.

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patria potestas

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the power of the highest ranking male in the family, the power of life or death

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Patrician

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Patricians were originally the elite caste in ancient Rome. In the time of the late Roman Empire, the term patrician was a specific title given to a high court official.

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Plebs

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the general body of Roman citizens

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Toga

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The toga was a distinctive garment of Ancient Rome. It consisted of a long sash of cloth, on the order of perhaps twenty feet (6 meters) in length. This sash was wrapped around the body in a particular way and was generally worn over a tunic. The toga was invariably made of wool,[1] and the tunic under it was often made of linen. For most of Rome's history, the toga was a garment worn exclusively by men, while women wore the stola. Non-citizens were forbidden to wear a toga.

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equestrian order

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An Equestrian (Latin eques, plural equites - also known as a vir egregius, lit. excellent man, from the 2nd century AD onwards) was a member of one of the two upper social classes in the Roman Republic and early Roman Empire. This social class is often translated as Knight or Chevalier. However, this translation is not literal, since medieval knights relied on their martial skills, the physical power of their horse and armour to support their position, while the connection of Roman equestrians to horses had become more symbolic even in the early days of the Republic. The social position of knights and equestrians, however, was extremely similar, equestrians being the nearest Roman equivalent to Medieval nobility, the Roman tax farming system shared many similarities with medieval feudalism without actually being identical due to inherent differences in the social structure and the level of central government.

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senatorial order

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The Senate had around 300 members in the middle and late Republic. Customarily, all magistrates — quaestors, aediles (both curulis and plebis), praetors, and consuls — were admitted to the Senate for life. But membership could be stripped by the censors if a Senator was thought to have committed an act "against the public morals". The senators who had not been magistrates were called senatores pedarii and were not permitted to speak. Their number was increased dramatically by Sulla, and they were chiefly "new men," that is, those whose families had never attained higher magistracy. Outside the pedarii, the Senate was dominated by established families of patricians and plebeians, as it was much easier for these groups to climb the cursus honorum and acquire speaking rights.

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freed men

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Liberated slaves and the children of liberated slaves

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free men

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all roman citizens

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sarcophagus

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a stone container for a coffin or body. The word comes from Greek "sarx" meaning "flesh", and "phagien" meaning "to eat", so sarcophagus means "eater of flesh"

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columbarium

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A columbarium (plural columbaria or columbariums) is a place for the respectful and usually public storage of cinerary urns (i.e. urns holding a deceased’s cremated remains).