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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Red flags of headaches on history |
History Consider red flags: • Age < 4 years • Headache features (any) • Early morning • Wakes the child from sleep • Triggered or aggravated by coughing, sneezing or positional changes (eg bending forwards) • Sudden onset and severe • Occipital region • Associated vomiting without another clear cause • Significant change in an established headache pattern or progressive worsening • Focal neurological symptoms • New onset seizures • Developmental regression • Features of meningitis or encephalitis • Recent history of significant head injury. • Known systemic disorder: haematological condition (bleeding tendency, prothrombotic state), malignancy, rheumatological disorder, immunosuppression, hypertension, • Medications: anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents • Presence of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt Characterise the headaches including pattern of headaches, analgesia use and common triggers |
(5 features of the headache & 11 others things) No on examination |
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Headache red flags on examination ? |
Red flag findings include: • Altered conscious state/confusion • Increasing head circumference centiles • Abnormal head position • New focal neurological abnormalities • Signs of raised ICP (papilloedema, ataxia, bradycardia with hypertension) • Signs of meningism (photophobia, neck stiffness) |
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Migraine triggers |
Common migraine triggers include: • Illness • Poor sleep • Exercise • Menstruation • Stress • Heat •Sun glare • Foods: citrus, MSG, artificial sweeteners, nuts, onions, salty foods, caffeine, chocolate • Skipped meals • Missed medications or medication overuse |
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Primary vs secondary headaches |
Primary are cluster, migraine (with or without aura), and tension-type Secondary are caused by identifiable underlying cause |
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