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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are some things palpation checks?
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texture, temp, moisture, organ location&size, swelling, vibration or pulsation, rigidity or spasticity, crepitation, presence of lumps or masses, presence of tenderness or pain
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percussion notes can be?
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resonant, hyperresonant, tympany, dull, flat
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wat is equipment used for assessment?
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platform scale w/ height attachment, skinfold calipers, sphygmomanometer, steth, thermometer, pulse oximeter(in hospital), penlight, tuning fork, otoscope/ophthalmoscope, nasal speculum, tongue depressor, pocket vision screener, skin-marking pen, flexible tap measure&ruler, reflex hammer, sharp object, cotton balls, bivalve vaginal speculum, clean gloves, materials for cytologic study, lubricant, fecal occult blood test materials
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what are some things that effect a safer environment?
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clean equipment, clean vs. used area for handling equipment, nosocomial infections, handwashing, wear gloves, standard precautions, transmission-based precautions
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approach to the clinical setting: what are some hands on things involved?
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measurement and vital signs, begin w/ person's hands, concentrate on one step at a time, examination sequence, brief health teaching, when findings are complicated summarize findings for person
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our physical examination of the patient should begin on the hands because:?
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they are easy to reach from any position
they reveal a great deal about the patient they will always be clean and dry they are a place ppl are accustomed to being touched by strangers |
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which of the following characteristics is not evaluated via palpation?
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temp, resilience, density, crepitation
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what does the health history include?
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Biographical data
Reason for seeking care Current health or history of current illness Past health Family history Review of systems Functional assessment or ADLs |
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what things are included in the biographical data?
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name, address&phone#, age&b-day, birthplace, sex, marital status, race, ethnic origin, occupation, source of information
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what does 'reason for seeking care' aka "chief complaint"include?
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symptom-subjective sensation
sign-objective abnormality; detectable on physical exam or in lab reports |
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what are characteristics needed to ask about a symptom?
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location
character or quality Quantity or severity Timing Setting Aggravating or relieving factors Associated factors Patient’s perception |
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what is the PQRST for current health or history of current illness include?
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P: Provocative or palliative
Q: Quality or quantity R: Region or radiation S: Severity scale T: Timing U: Understand patient’s perception |
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what does past health include?
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Childhood illnesses
Accidents or injuries Serious or chronic illnesses Hospitalizations Operations Obstetric history Immunizations Last examination date Allergies Current medications |
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what does family history include?
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age&health or cause of death of blood relatives
health of close family members family history of various conditions family tree(genogram) |
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what does the "review of systems" include?
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general overall health state(weight, fatigue, weakness, fever, chills, sweats)
skin, hair, head, eyes, ears, nose and sinuses, mouth and throat, neck, breast, axilla, respiratory system, cardio system, peripheral vascular system, gastrointestinal system, urinal system, genital system |
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what does the "functional assessment" ask about?
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self-esteem, self-concept
activity/exercise sleep/rest nutrition/elimination interpersonal relationships/resources spiritual resources coping and stress management personal habits(tobacco, alchohol,etc) environmental/hazards occupational health intimate partner violence |
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what is a patient's perception of health include?
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How do you define health?
How do you view your situation now? What are your concerns/goals? What do you think will happen in the future? What do you expect from your health care providers? |
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what are some things that could impact a patient's temp?
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diurinal cycle, menstrual cycle, exercise, age, eat/drink/gum/smoke
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influences on bp?
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Age
Race Weight Emotions Sex Diurnal rhythm Exercise Stress |
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Physiologic factors controlling blood pressure
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Cardiac output
Peripheral vascular resistance Volume of circulating blood Viscosity Elasticity of vessel walls |
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what measures bp?
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sphygmomanometer
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what is korotkoff's sounds?
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I, systolic pressure
IV, muffling of sounds V, diastolic pressure |
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basic functions of skin?
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Protection
Prevents penetration Perception Temperature regulation Identification Communication Wound repair Absorption and excretion Production of vitamin D |
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wat are the primary skin lesions?
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macule, papule, patch, plaque, nodule, wheal, tumor
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what are the 2ndary skin lesions?
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crust, scale, fissure, erosion, ulcer
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ex of macule?
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hives
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ex of papule?
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vesicle
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ex of patch?
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cyst
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ex of plaque?
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bulla
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ex of nodule?
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pustule
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ex of crust?
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excoriation
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ex of scale?
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scar
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ex of fissure?
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atrophic scar
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erosion?
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lichenification
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ulcer?
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keloid
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wat are some ex. of hemangiomas?
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port-wine stain, strawberry mark, cavernous hemangioma
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what are some ex of telangiectiases?
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spider or star angioma, venous lake
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what are some lesions caused by abuse?
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pattern injury, hematoma, ecchymosis(bruise@different levels)
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purpuric lesions?
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petechiae, purpura
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abnormal findings common in children?
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Diaper dermatitis
Interigo (candidiasis) Impetigo Atopic dermatitis (eczema) Measles (rubeola) German measles (rubella) Chickenpox (varicella) |
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abnormal findings common skin lesions?
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Primary contact dermatitis
Allergic drug reaction Tinea corporis (ringworm of the body) Tinea pedis (ringworm of the foot) Psoriasis Tinea versicolor Labial herpes simplex (cold sores) Herpes zoster (shingles) Erythema migrans of Lyme disease |
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abnormal malignant skin findings?
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Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma Malignant melanoma |
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abnormal findings w/ AIDS?
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Epidemic Kaposi’s sarcoma
-Patch stage -Plaque stage -Advanced disease |
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assess head?
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size&shape, temporal area, facial structures
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assess neck?
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symmetry, range of motion, lymph nodes, trachea, thyroid
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