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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is Cushing disease different from Cushing syndrome?
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Cushing syndrome is elevated cortisol levels from various causes, including paraneoplastic syndromes, primary adrenal tumors, and exogenous use of cortisol, whereas Cushing disease is specifically the elevation in cortisol levels due to ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas (it is a subset of Cushing syndrome.
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What clinical manifestations are common to all patients with Cushing syndrome?
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Moon facies, buffalo hump, obesity, hypertrichosis, hypertension, growth retardation, easy bruising, purple striae on the hips and abdomen, and amenorrhea in women.
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What is Cushing disease?
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Pituitary adenoma leading to increased ACTH secretion with resultant bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and elevated cortisol levels.
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What are the causes of acute adrenal crisis?
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Major stress such as surgery, severe injury, myocardial infarction, or any other acute illness in a patient with primal or secondary adrenal insufficiency
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Which drugs can increase the metabolism of cortisol?
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1 Phenytoin,
2 phenobarbital, and 3 Rifampin. |
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Which hormone secretion is NOT impaired by secondary adrenal insufficiency?
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Aldosterone. Aldosterone secretion is more dependent upon angiotensin II than corticotrophin-releasing hormone signals from the pituitary gland. Aldosterone deficiency is not a problem in hypopituitarism
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What are the clinical features of Addison disease (explain using the name as a mnemonic)?
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A Anorexia
D Diarrhea D Dehydration I Increased K+ S Skin pigmentation O Orthostatic hypotension N Na level is abnormal |
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What ace the clinical features of hypercalcemic crisis?·
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ABCDEF
Anorexia Belly pain Coma Delirium Emesis Fatigue/weakness |
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At what cervical level is the thyroid located?
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It is located at the level of the fourth cervical vertebra.
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What are the etiologies associated with a GOITER?
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Graves or Hashimoto disease
Oral contraceptives or other medications Infection Tumors Environmental (iodine deficiency) Receptor defects (resistance to thyroxin) |
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Which medications are commonly found to result in sporadic goiters?
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1 Oral contraceptives
2 lithium, amiodarone, and 3 iodide-containing asthma inhalers. |
