Pa 2008-Pd Chapter 17 Cranial Nerves

Front 1

Which CN arise from the diencephelon and brainstem

Back 1

CN 2 and 12

Front 2

How many peripheral nerves in body

Back 2

31 pairs attached to spinal chord, 8C, 12T, 5T, 5S, 1Coccygeal

Front 3

Anterior(ventral) and Posterior(dorsal), sensory or motor?

Back 3

Ant. motor and posterior sensory

Front 4

Is the sensory fiber afferent or efferent?

Back 4

Afferent (away from the peripheral)

Front 5

What does gray matter contain?

Back 5

aggregations of nerve cell bodies

Front 6

What is a deep tendon reflex?

Back 6

Muscle stretch reflexes that are relayed over structures of both the central and peripheral nervous system

Front 7

What is a reflex?

Back 7

Involuntary stereotypical response that may involve as few as 2 neurons, one afferent(sensory) and one efferent (motor)across a synapse

Front 8

Deep tendon reflexes in arms and legs are?

Back 8

Monosynaptic reflexes

Front 9

To elicit a deep tendon reflex?

Back 9

tap tendon of partially stretched muscle

Front 10

In order for deep tendon reflex to fire what component must be intact?

Back 10

Reflex arc component

Front 11

What are the components of the reflex arc?

Back 11

sensory nerve fibers, spinal cord synapse, motor nerve fibers, neuromuscular junction, muscle fibers

Front 12

Segmental levels of deep tendon reflex in acending order from ankle to triceps

Back 12

Ankle reflex= S1
Knee reflex= L2,3,4
Supinator(brachioradialis)= C5,6
Biceps= C5,6
Triceps= C6,7

Front 13

Reflexes that can stimulated from stroking the skin

Back 13

Abdominal reflex- upper T8,9,10 lower- T10,11,12
Plantar responses- L5,S1

Front 14

3 kinds of motor pathways

Back 14

Corticospinal tract, basal ganglia system, cerebellar system

Front 15

Corticospinal tract

Back 15

Mediate voluntary movement and integrate skill, complicated, or dedicated movements by selective muscular actions and inhibiting others. Inhibits muscle tone, originates in the motor cortex

Front 16

Basal ganglia system

Back 16

Maintains muscle tone, controls body movement, gross autonomic movements ex:walking

Front 17

Cerebellar system

Back 17

Sensory and motor input. Coordinates motor activity, maintains equilibrium, controls posture

Front 18

If there is a Upper motor neuron(UMN) lesion above crossover of its tracts in the medulla

Back 18

Motor impairment on the contralateral side (opposite side)

Front 19

If UMN lesion below the crossover of its tracts

Back 19

ipsilateral side (same side)

Front 20

UMN lesions manifestations

Back 20

decreased muscle tone, deep tendon reflex exaggerated

Front 21

Basal ganglia damage

Back 21

increase muscle tone, disturbance in posture and gait, bradykinesia, involuntary movements

Front 22

Cerebrum damage

Back 22

impairs coordination, gait and equilibrium, and decreased muscle tone

Front 23

What do sensory impulses do?

Back 23

give rise to conscious sensation, calibrate body position in space, regulate BP, HR, and respiration

Front 24

2 Sensory pathways?

Back 24

Spinothalamic tracts and Posterior columns

Front 25

Spinothalamic tract?

Back 25

Pain and temp. Crude touch-light touch without localization

Front 26

Posterior columns?

Back 26

Position and vibration, fine touch

Front 27

What are dermatomes?

Back 27

band of skin innervated by the sensory root of a single nerve

Front 28

Dermatomes of front and back of neck?

Back 28

C3

Front 29

Dermatome of thumb, ring and little finger?

Back 29

C6, C8

Front 30

Dermatome of nipples, umbilicus and inguinal?

Back 30

T4, T10, L1s

Front 31

Dermatomes of the Knee?

Back 31

L4

Front 32

Dermatome of the anterior ankle and foot, and plantar foot

Back 32

L5

Front 33

Dermatome of the perianal region

Back 33

S5

Front 34

The two most common symptoms in neurologic disorders?

Back 34

Headache and dizziness(see table 6-1 pg. 206-209)

Front 35

Subarachnoid headache?

Back 35

"worst headache of my life"

Front 36

Dull headaches?

Back 36

Affected by coughing, sneezing, or sudden head movements. Recurrent in same location, is seen with mass lesions like brain tumors

Front 37

In what neurologic disorder is diplopia, dysarthria, and ataxia seen?

Back 37

TIA's or strokes

Front 38

Where do focal weakness arise from?

Back 38

From ischemic, vascular, or mass lesions in the CNS,also form PNS disorders, neuromuscular disorders, and muscles

Front 39

Bilateral proximal weakness in what disorder?

Back 39

Myopathy

Front 40

Bilateral distal weakness

Back 40

Polyneuropahty

Front 41

Weakness made worse with repeated effort and improved with rest suggest?

Back 41

Myasthenia gravis

Front 42

Paresthesias in hands and around the mouth as a result of what disorder?

Back 42

Hyperventilation

Front 43

Young people with emotional stress and warning symptoms of flushing, warmth, or nausea may have?

Back 43

Vasodepressor (vasovagal) syncope

Front 44

Cardiac syncope

Back 44

More common in older patients

Front 45

Tonic-clonic motor activity, bladder or bowel incontinence, and postictal state suggest?

Back 45

Generalized seizure

Front 46

CN I

Back 46

Olfactory- sensory
Smell

Front 47

CN II

Back 47

Vision- sensory

Front 48

CN III

Back 48

Oculomotor-motor
pupillary constriction, opening of eyes, and extraocular movements

Front 49

CN IV

Back 49

Trochlear-motor
Downward-inward eye movement

Front 50

CN V

Back 50

Trigeminal-both
Motor-temporal and masseter muscles(jaw clenching), lateral movements of jaw
Sensory-opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular

Front 51

CN VI

Back 51

Abducens-motor
Lateral deviation of eyes

Front 52

CN VII

Back 52

Facial-both
Motor-facial expressions, closing of eyes and mouth
Sensory-taste on the anterior two thirds of tongue

Front 53

CN VIII

Back 53

Vestibulo-cochlear-sensory
Hearing and balance

Front 54

CN IX

Back 54

Glossopharyngeal
Motor-pharynx
Sensory-posterior portions of eardrum and ear canal and tongue, pharynx

Front 55

CN X

Back 55

Vagus-
Motor-palate, pharynx, larynx
Sensory-pharynx and larynx

Front 56

CN XI

Back 56

Accessory- motor
SCM and trapezius

Front 57

CN XII

Back 57

Hypoglossal-motor
tongue

Front 58

Basal ganglia system

Back 58

Maintains muscle tone, controls body movement, gross autonomic movements ex:walking

Front 59

Cerebellar system

Back 59

Sensory and motor input. Coordinates motor activity, maintains equilibrium, controls posture

Front 60

If there is a Upper motor neuron(UMN) lesion above crossover of its tracts in the medulla

Back 60

Motor impairment on the contralateral side (opposite side)

Front 61

If UMN lesion below the crossover of its tracts

Back 61

ipsilateral side (same side)

Front 62

UMN lesions manifestations

Back 62

decreased muscle tone, deep tendon reflex exaggerated

Front 63

Basal ganglia damage

Back 63

increase muscle tone, disturbance in posture and gait, bradykinesia, involuntary movements

Front 64

Cerebrum damage

Back 64

impairs coordination, gait and equilibrium, and decreased muscle tone

Front 65

What do sensory impulses do?

Back 65

give rise to conscious sensation, calibrate body position in space, regulate BP, HR, and respiration

Front 66

2 Sensory pathways?

Back 66

Spinothalamic tracts and Posterior columns

Front 67

Spinothalamic tract?

Back 67

Pain and temp. Crude touch-light touch without localization

Front 68

Posterior columns?

Back 68

Position and vibration, fine touch

Front 69

What are dermatomes?

Back 69

band of skin innervated by the sensory root of a single nerve

Front 70

Dermatomes of front and back of neck?

Back 70

C3

Front 71

Dermatome of thumb, ring and little finger?

Back 71

C6, C8

Front 72

Dermatome of nipples, umbilicus and inguinal?

Back 72

T4, T10, L1s