Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what are the ocular infections
|
conjuctivitis
keratitis (corneal) endophthalmitis |
|
|
what is Conjuctivitis
|
inflammation of mucous membrane of the eye
pink eye |
|
|
what form of infectious conjuctivitis is of major concern in children
|
chlamydial, gonococcal
|
|
|
what are some noninfectious causes of conjuctivitis
|
contact lens use, allergic, dry eye, foreign body
|
|
|
what are symptoms of conjuctivitis
|
foreing body sensation
blurred vision photophobia and pain (when cornea is involved) |
|
|
chemosis is indication of what eye disorder
|
conjuctivitis
|
|
|
what are some drugs that cause conjuctivitis
|
neomycin
opthalmic decongestants (naphazoline, phenylephrine), isotretinoin |
|
|
what form of conjuctivitis is usually preceeded by URI
|
viral
|
|
|
what is the main goal of treating viral conjuctivitis
|
preventing transmission since it is self limiting
|
|
|
what is the purpose of treatment in bacterial conjuctivitis
|
reduce spread to others
reduce potential for chronic disease |
|
|
what is used for systemic relief in bacterial conjuctivitis
|
hot compress
|
|
|
what can be given to treat conjuctivitis
|
topical antibiotics
|
|
|
what is keratitis
|
inflammation/errosion of cornea
|
|
|
which eye disorder would result in improper reflection of light
|
keratitis
|
|
|
which eye disorder would you see infiltrate or localized, white opacification of corneal stroma
|
keratitis - clouding up of cornea
|
|
|
what are predisposing factors for keratitis
|
contact lens use
topical corticosteroids rheumatoid arthritis DM alcoholism |
|
|
what is endophthalmitis
|
infection/inflammation of eye ball
|
|
|
which eye disorder would you see diminished red reflex
|
endophthalmitis
|
|
|
what are causes of endophthalmitis
|
ocular surgery complication, penetrating ocular trauma, metastatic ocular involvement
bacterial > fungal, viral |
|
|
what is a Hordeolum
|
stye
inflammation of the sweat and sebaceous glands located at the eye lid margin |
|
|
what presentation would you see with hordeolum
|
swelling of lid, localized nodule/papule
DOESNT REQUIRE ANTIBIOTICS SELF LIMITING 3-4 DAYS |
|
|
what is ectropion
|
lid turns out
|
|
|
what is blepharitis
|
infection of lid
|
|
|
what is entropion
|
eyelids and lashes turn in
|
|
|
what lid disorder can lead to dry eye
|
ectropion - lid do not close completely
|
|
|
what is dacryocystitis
|
infection and inflammation of tear ducts/gland (lacrimal sac)
|
|
|
how do you treat dacryocystitis
|
warm compress
antibiotics |
|
|
what must you watch for w/ dacryocystitis
|
periorbital cellulitis
|
|
|
what is glaucoma
|
damamge/destruction of optic nerve related to pressure in eye
may have changes in optic disc and loss of visual sensitivity and field |
|
|
what is open angle glaucoma
|
chronic blockage of aqueous flow
slow loss of peripheral vision increased incidence with FH or aging uni or bilateral |
|
|
at what age should you begin annual or biannual screening
|
40
|
|
|
what is acute angle closure glaucoma
|
sudden block of aqueous outflow
|
|
|
what are precipitating factors of acute angle closure glaucoma
|
dim light
mydriatics stress |
|
|
how does macular degeneration differ from glaucoma
|
glaucoma = loss of peripheral vision
macular degeneration = loss of central vision |
|
|
drugs that induce/potentiate open angle glaucoma
|
corticosteroids
opthalmic anticholinergics |
|
|
drugs that induce/potentiate closed angle glaucoma
|
topical anticholinergics
sympathomimetics systemic anticholinergics antihistamines |
|
|
what are some things that can result in sudden loss of vission
|
migraine
acute angle closure glaucoma retinal detachment ischemic optic neuropathy (clot or inflammation) |
|
|
what is AV nicking
|
arteries are thinner and have brighter shine
veins compress and may disappear |
|
|
what is retinal hemorrhages
|
see bright red puffy cloud = burst artery
|
|
|
what are the grades of the keith waggoner barkitt system
|
grade 1 - arteriolar narrowing
grade 2 - AV CROSSING/NICKINGS grade 3 - hemorrhages and exudates grade 4 - papilledema |
|
|
HOW CAN DM EFFECT THE EYE
|
exudates
hemorrhages neovascularization - arteries springing out from spot, covering areas of rods/cones |
|
|
what meds cause TOXIC OPTIC NEUROPATHIES
|
ethambutol
isoniazid fluroquinolones |
|
|
what meds cause toxic retinopathies
|
tamoxifen
chloroquin hydroxychloroquin |
