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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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inflammation of joints
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arthritis
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inflammation of bursa d/t injury or infection
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Bursitis
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inflammation of tendon d/t excess use or infection
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Tendonitis
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partial or complete tearing of ligaments (connect bone to bone)
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sprain
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injury to a muscle or tendon (connects bone to muscle)
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strain
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what grade sprain is this?
pain, swelling, bruising, some loss of fxn, gradual stiffening (can treat with OTC) |
grade 1
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what grade sprain is this?
partial tear (do not self treat) |
grade 2
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what grade sprain is this?
complete tear of ligament (do not self treat) |
grade 3
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who are excluded from self treatment
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Pain > 2 weeks
↑ intensity of change in character of pain Pelvic or abdominal pain (excluding dysmenorrheal) 3rd trimester of pregnancy < 2 YO of age Deformed joint, abnormal movement, weakness, suspected fracture |
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preventative measures of muscle injuries
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stretching
warming up adequate hydration not exercising to point of exhaustion |
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nonpharmacological treatment of muscle injury
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RICE
rest ice compression elevation (above heart for 2-3 hrs/day) heat |
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how long do you place ice on injury
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place for 10-15 minute intervals
DON'T APPLY FOR OVER 15 MINUTES |
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why do you not place ice on injury for over 15 minutes
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vasoconstriction causes the inflammatory factors to stay at the site of injury
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how is heat applied
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15-20 minutes 3-4 times a day
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where do you not apply heat
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injuries <48hrs or inflammed sites
containing (menthol, methyl salicylate, camphor) on broken skin skin w/ decreased sensation |
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how long can you use topical analgesics (counterirritants, topical NSAID)
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no more than 7 days
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what is the MOA of counterirritants
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Pain relief through nerve stimulation
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what is the MOA of Methyl salicylate
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1. Rubefacient: vasodilation of cutaneous vasculature, causing hyperemia (↑ blood flow/temp at site of application)
2. Inhibits PG synthesis (pain mediator) 3. Caution: ASA allergy, asthma |
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what is the MOA of menthol
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1. MOA: produce cooling sensation
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Camphor MOA
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1. MOA: produce cooling sensation
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what caution must be taken with camphor
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immediate respiratory collapse in infants (when placed in nostrils of infants)
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what is the MOA of Methyl nicotinate
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vasodilation and elevation of skin temperature
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what pts can salicylate products not be used in
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asthma
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what are examples of topical NSAIDs
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diclofenac transdermal patch
topical ketoprofen gel |
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what is the MOA of topical NSAIDs
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reduce PG synthesis (reduction in inflammation, pain, fever)
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what is the MOA of Methyl salicylate
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1. Rubefacient: vasodilation of cutaneous vasculature, causing hyperemia (↑ blood flow/temp at site of application)
2. Inhibits PG synthesis (pain mediator) 3. Caution: ASA allergy, asthma |
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what is the MOA of menthol
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1. MOA: produce cooling sensation
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Camphor MOA
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1. MOA: produce cooling sensation
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what caution must be taken with camphor
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immediate respiratory collapse in infants (when placed in nostrils of infants)
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what is the MOA of Methyl nicotinate
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vasodilation and elevation of skin temperature
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what is the MOA of Capsicum
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feeling of warmth
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what Topical analgesic can be used for RA, OA, diabetic neuropathy
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capsicum
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Trolamine Salicylate MOA
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reduces inflammation in muscle and joints
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what topical analgesic is CI for pts with vit k deficiency, alcoholism, renal insufficiency, liver disease
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Trolamine Salicylate
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what category is Trolamine Salicylate
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3
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