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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cefazolin (1)
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cephalosporins : surgical prophylaxis (DOC); skin & soft tissue infections (staph. Aureus & Strep)
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cefoxitin (2)
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cephalosporins : intra-abdominal surgery prophylaxis (anaerobes)
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cefotetan (2)
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cephalosporins : intra-abdominal surgery prophylaxis (anaerobes)
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cefotaxime (3)
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cephalosporins : strep pneumoniae infxns (or B-Hemolytic Strep)
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ceftriaxone (3)
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cephalosporins : strep pneumoniae infxns (or B-Hemolytic Strep)
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ceftazidime (3)
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cephalosporins : Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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cefepime (4)
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cephalosporins : critically ill pts; pseudomonas; gram negative meningitis
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penicilin G (i.v.)
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penicillins: B-hemolytic strep (includes Grp A Strep); susceptible S. pneumoniae infxns; meningococcal meningitis (pcn G is DOC for all) ***(most S. aureus is resistant)
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penicillin VK (p.o)
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penicillins: B-hemolytic strep (includes Grp A Strep); susceptible S. pneumoniae infxns; meningococcal meningitis (pcn G is DOC for all) ***(most S. aureus is resistant)
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procaine pcn G
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penicillins: B-hemolytic strep (includes Grp A Strep); susceptible S. pneumoniae infxns; meningococcal meningitis (pcn G is DOC for all) ***(most S. aureus is resistant)
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benzathine pcn G
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penicillins: B-hemolytic strep (includes Grp A Strep); susceptible S. pneumoniae infxns; meningococcal meningitis (pcn G is DOC for all) ***(most S. aureus is resistant)
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oxacillin (i.v.)
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penicillins: soft tissue cellulitis (non-MRSA) (DOC); always better than vanc
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nafcillin (i.v.)
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penicillins: soft tissue cellulitis (non-MRSA) (DOC); always better than vanc
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dicloxacillin (p.o.)
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penicillins: soft tissue cellulitis (non-MRSA)
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cloxacillin (p.o.)
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penicillins: soft tissue cellulitis (non-MRSA)
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ampicillin (i.v.)
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penicillins: 1st line for otitis media (DOC); some gram negs too (add clav for 3rd AOM)
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amoxacillin (p.o)
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penicillins: 2nd line for otitis media (DOC); some gram negs too (add clav for 3rd AOM)
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piperacillin
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penicillins: pseudomonas; systemic gram negatives (kleb.; proteus; serratia)
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ticarcillin
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penicillins: pseudomonas; systemic gram negatives (kleb.; proteus; serratia)
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clavulanate
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β-lactamase Inhibitors: give w/ piperacillin (ICU); ticarcillin (ICU); amoxicillin & ampicillin
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sulbactam
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: give w/ piperacillin (ICU); ticarcillin (ICU); amoxicillin & ampicillin
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tazobactam
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: give w/ piperacillin (ICU); ticarcillin (ICU); amoxicillin & ampicillin
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imipenem/cilastatin
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cabapems & monobactams: very broad spectrum: MultiDrug Resistant (MDR) pathogens; polymicrobial life-threatening infxn. (i.e. massive contamxns - GI explosion); Febrile neutropenics (for cancer & immunocompromised Pts)
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meropenem
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cabapems & monobactams: very broad spectrum: MultiDrug Resistant (MDR) pathogens; polymicrobial life-threatening infxn. (i.e. massive contamxns - GI explosion); Febrile neutropenics (for cancer & immunocompromised Pts)
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ertapenem
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cabapems & monobactams: very broad spectrum: MultiDrug Resistant (MDR) pathogens; polymicrobial life-threatening infxn. (i.e. massive contamxns - GI explosion); Febrile neutropenics (for cancer & immunocompromised Pts)
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aztreonam (i.v.)
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cabapems & monobactams: aerobic gram -s (pseudomonas)
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amikacin
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amino-glycosides (Has post Ab-effect - works against bacteria even after drug gone): aerobic G - bacilli (GIVE HIGH DOSES) (but resistance readily develops b/c of bact. enz. activation- less w/ amik); G + : give w/ β-lactam; ceph or vanc for synergistic killing (GIVE LOW DOSES)
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gentamicin
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amino-glycosides (Has post Ab-effect - works against bacteria even after drug gone): aerobic G - bacilli (GIVE HIGH DOSES) (but resistance readily develops b/c of bact. enz. activation- less w/ amik); G + : give w/ β-lactam; ceph or vanc for synergistic killing (GIVE LOW DOSES)
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tobramycin
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amino-glycosides (Has post Ab-effect - works against bacteria even after drug gone): aerobic G - bacilli (GIVE HIGH DOSES) (but resistance readily develops b/c of bact. enz. activation- less w/ amik); G + : give w/ β-lactam; ceph or vanc for synergistic killing (GIVE LOW DOSES)
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ciprofloxacin
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fluoroquinolines: gram + activity (not MRSA or VRE) (M>G>L>C); ~ 40% of pseudomonas (C=L>G>M); anaerobics (M=G>L=C); intracellular pathogens & other gram - (except pseudomonas); DOC for inpatient CAP & complicated UTIs (only for susceptible E. coli; D82 increasing); MDR S. pneumo; systemic salmonella
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levofloxacin
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fluoroquinolines: gram + activity (not MRSA or VRE) (M>G>L>C); ~ 40% of pseudomonas (C=L>G>M); anaerobics (M=G>L=C); intracellular pathogens & other gram - (except pseudomonas); DOC for inpatient CAP & complicated UTIs (only for susceptible E. coli; ®increasing); MDR S. pneumo; systemic salmonella
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gatifloxacin
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fluoroquinolines: gram + activity (not MRSA or VRE) (M>G>L>C); ~ 40% of pseudomonas (C=L>G>M); anaerobics (M=G>L=C); intracellular pathogens & other gram - (except pseudomonas); DOC for inpatient CAP & complicated UTIs (only for susceptible E. coli; ®increasing); MDR S. pneumo; systemic salmonella
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gemiflozacin
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fluoroquinolines: gram + activity (not MRSA or VRE) (M>G>L>C); ~ 40% of pseudomonas (C=L>G>M); anaerobics (M=G>L=C); intracellular pathogens & other gram - (except pseudomonas); DOC for inpatient CAP & complicated UTIs (only for susceptible E. coli; ®increasing); MDR S. pneumo; systemic salmonella
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moxifloxacin
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fluoroquinolines: gram + activity (not MRSA or VRE) (M>G>L>C); ~ 40% of pseudomonas (C=L>G>M); anaerobics (M=G>L=C); intracellular pathogens & other gram - (except pseudomonas); DOC for inpatient CAP & complicated UTIs (only for susceptible E. coli; ®+D23increasing); MDR S. pneumo; systemic salmonella
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azithromycin
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macrolides: good gram + (NO MRSA or VRE or enterococcus); out-Pt. mgmt of CAP (DOC); Legionella; M. avium; Chlamydia; Mycoplasma pneumoniae (CAP: Community Acquired Pneumonia - Typical & Atypicals)
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erythromycin
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macrolides: good gram + (NO MRSA or VRE or enterococcus); out-Pt. mgmt of CAP (DOC); Legionella; M. avium; Chlamydia; Mycoplasma pneumoniae (CAP: Community Acquired Pneumonia - Typical & Atypicals)
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clarithromycin (p.o)
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macrolides: good gram + (NO MRSA or VRE or enterococcus); out-Pt. mgmt of CAP (DOC); Legionella; M. avium; Chlamydia; Mycoplasma pneumoniae (CAP: Community Acquired Pneumonia - Typical & Atypicals)
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clindamycin
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other antibiotics: excellent gram + coverage (staph & strep); soft tissue infxns; no gram - & little MSRA activity; good for pulm. anaerobes; Decrease B. fragilis suscept. (NO VRE); Plasmodium
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vancomycin (i.v.)
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other antibiotics: MRSA (DOC); gram + organisms only; amp-resistant enterococcus; meningitis; MDR S. pneumonia infxn; 2nd line tx of pseudomemb. Colitis (C. deficile); Febrile neutropenics
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quinupristin/dalfopristin
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other antibiotics: ( - cidal: strep; most staph); (** MRSA); ( - static: Enterococcus faecium (*** VRE)); MDR gram + (great G+ coverage!)
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linezolid
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other antibiotics: Enterococcus faceium AND faecalis; ( -static: VRE infections (DOC) & select MRSA); MDR G+ (min. G - activity)
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trim-sulfa
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other antibiotics: Broad spectrum: S. aureus; Enterobacter; E. coli; Klebsiella; UTIs; pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients (DOC); toxoplasmosis (may help w/ MRSA in future)
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nitrofurantoin
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drugs that treat UTIs (another Antibiotic): UTIs (not pseudomonas)
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Tetracycline HCl
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tetracyclines: rickettsial infxns (RMSF - DOC); Lyme Disease (B. burgdorferi) DOC; **mycoplasma pneumoniae (CAP); chlamydia; acne; moderate gram + and gram - activity; Plasmodium
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doxycycline
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tetracyclines: rickettsial infxns (RMSF - DOC); Lyme Disease (B. burgdorferi) DOC; **mycoplasma pneumoniae (CAP); chlamydia; acne; moderate gram + and gram - activity; Plasmodium
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minocycline
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tetracyclines: used esp. for **acne
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niclosamide
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antihelmintic drugs: tapeworm/Cestodes (DOC) (cant get in USA)
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praziquantel
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antihelmintic drugs: schistosomiasis (DOC) (Flukes/Tremetodes)
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mebendazole
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antihelmintic drugs: Broad Coverage: roundworms tapeworms; pinworms; whipworms; hookworms
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albendazole
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antihelmintic drugs: mixed infections; roundworms; pinworms; whipworms; hookworms; ***cysticercosis (DOC for all these)
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pyrantel pamoate
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antihelmintic drugs: pinworms
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ivermectin
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antihelmintic drugs: threadworm
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chloroquine
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antimalarial drugs: use together for malaria treatment (need both for total cure); but chloroquine is DOC
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primaquine
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antimalarial drugs: use together for malaria treatment (need both for total cure); but chloroquine is DOC
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antimalarial drugs: Toxoplasma (DOC)
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mefloquine
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antimalarial drugs: MDR P. falicparum; DOC in Africa (lots of CQ resist.)
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PERMETRIN
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ECTOPARASITE DRUGS: MDR P. falicparum; DOC in Africa (lots of CQ resist.)
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metronidazole
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antiprotozoal drugs: amebiasis; trichomoniasis; some anaerobic coverage (bacteriocidal); pseudomembranous colitis (DOC); B. fragilis (abd. Cavity probs); C. difficile; giardiasis (from contam. H2O; daycare)
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Griseofulvin
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antifungal drugs: dermatophytes: tinea corporis (ringworm); tineal capitas (scalp ringworm); tinea cruris (jock itch); tenia pedis (athletes foot)
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Miconazole
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antifungal drugs: candida vulvovaginitis
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Clotrimazole
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antifungal drugs: candida vulvovaginitis
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Itraconazole
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antifungal drugs: Aspergillus infxns
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Fluconazole (p.o.)
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antifungal drugs: systemic Candidia albicans infxns (but takes 48 hrs b/4 effects take place - so; not really recommened)
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terbinafine (p.o.)
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antifungal drugs: fungal nail infections - Onychomycosis (DOC); athletes foot & jock itch
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nystatin
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antifungal drugs: susceptible cutaneous; mucocutaneous & oral fungal infectxns (candidia -- i.e. thrush) (w/ swish & swallow)
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amphotericin B
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antifungal drugs: i.v. for resistant oral candidiasis or severe systemic infections (cryptococcus; aspergillus; neisseria)
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Rimantadine
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Anti-viral: for Influenza
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Vidarabine
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anti-herpes drugs: herpes simplex keratitis
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acyclovir
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anti-herpes drugs: herpesviruses (not effective against latency - cant eradicate infxn; only infected cells affected) (Bells Palsy); prophylaxis for CMV retinitis for Pts w/ transplanted organs
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valacyclovir
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anti-herpes drugs: herpesviruses (not effective against latency - cant eradicate infxn; only infected cells affected) (Bells Palsy); prophylaxis for CMV retinitis for Pts w/ transplanted organs
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foscarnet
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anti-CMV drugs: CMV infection (CMV retinitis) (Acyclovir & Valacyclovir uses as prophylaxis for CMV)
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cidofovir
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anti-CMV drugs: CMV infection (CMV retinitis) (Acyclovir & Valacyclovir uses as prophylaxis for CMV)
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fomivirisen
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anti-CMV drugs: CMV infection (CMV retinitis) (Acyclovir & Valacyclovir uses as prophylaxis for CMV)
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Slavudine
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NRTI (anti-HIV): HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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Abacavir
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NRTI (anti-HIV): HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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Lamivudine
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NRTI (anti-HIV): HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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Tenofovir
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NRTI (anti-HIV): HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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zidovudine
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NRTI (anti-HIV): HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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saquinavir
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HIV protease inhibitors: HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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ritonavir
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HIV protease inhibitors: HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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lopinavir
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HIV protease inhibitors: HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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nivirapine
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NNRTI (anti-HIV): HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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efavirenz
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NNRTI (anti-HIV): HIV infection (use in combination - additive effect) 1) 2 NRTI + 1 NNRTI 2) 2 NRTI + 1 PI 3) 3 NRTIs
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pyrazinamide (PZA)
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anti-TB drugs: treatment of TB (need 4 drugs) ("RIPE")
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ethambutol
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anti-TB drugs: treatment of TB (need 4 drugs) ("RIPE")
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rifampin
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anti-TB drugs: treatment of TB (need 4 drugs) ("RIPE")
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isoniazid (INH)
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anti-TB drugs: treatment of TB (need 4 drugs) ("RIPE")
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streptomycin
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anti-TB drugs: first agent used for TB
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