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69 Cards in this Set

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C1- Bet size: when in doubt
bet more. If you are bluffing, the extra amount might just get the job done. If you are value betting, It is unlikely to hurt your chances of getting a call.
C2-Tight and trapping players
know who they are and don’t play big pots against them. Steal small pots from them.
C3-Against perceptive opponents
your actions must include an inherent randomness.
C4-When you are heads up and oop on the river, with a hand that is barely worth a check and call and you expect him to bet often(sometimes as a bluff)
make a small bet that you can fold to a raise. Don’t do this if he never bluffs.
C5-When you first sit down
evaluate the game and decide if you money should come from big pots or small pots. Who are the worst players, how big are their stacks, and what kinds of mistakes do they make? Try to win big pots from big stacked players that are too loose. Try to win lots of small pots from weak-tight players by making frequent small bets and raises and avoiding big pots. Maybe even limit your buyin
C6-Why can it be right to call with decent hands that have little chance of improving even if you plan to fold to a bet on the next round.
Because it is so common for people to bet the flop and check the turn. This also sets up slowplays and induces bluffs on future hands. IF they notice you call on a flop of K99 and then fold to a turn bet, they might try to bluff more often in the future.
C6B- 5/10 , 1500 stacks. Qc-Jd in BB. A tight, conservative, but observant player limps from EP. You check, he bets 20. Turn 7c. You check, he bets 60. River 2h. You check, he bets 150.
You should strongly consider folding. You called twice on an extremely ragged board, so he cant think you have a draw. He may think you have an unimproved pocket pair, but he wouldn’t necessarily expect you to call a 150 bet on the river with that hand. Its obvious to him you might have trips and he bet anyway. He is likely to have A-Q, 44, or 77. If he had a good, but easily beaten hand, he would have checked the river.
C7-If you plan to fold your pair to a big bet or raise
you should make an effort to disguise your hand to discourage a big bluff. You can either make it look weaker or stronger than one pair. If you make it look weaker, you may still induce a bluff, but they wont bluff as much. If you make it look stronger, you decrease the chances of getting bluffed at all.
C9- Why are bets more important than pots.
When the stacks are deep, your focus shouldn’t be protecting the money in the pot. It should be on winning more and bigger bets from your opponents.
C10- Your playing 5-10 with a 1000 stack. You have 5s-4s in the BB. One limper, sb completes, you check. Flop comes Qs-9s-2h. Sb checks, you bet 30. Limper calls, sb folds. Pot is 90. Turn is Ac. You check, opponent checks. River is 2d. What are the hand ranges?
Since she called on the flop, she probably had at least something at that point. She may have flopped a pair, or she could have several draws, or nothing, or a slowplayed two pair or set. When you checked the turn, and she checked behind when an ace came, that supported the possibility they held either a draw or modest pair. The river didn’t complete any draws, so if she held a draw on the turn, her hand is now busted. But she could hold a modest pair(lets say 60% chance of modest two pair, 20% of a busted draw, and 10% of nothing, 10% of trip deuces or better.) You think a bet will be called by a two pair or better=70 percent of the time. You also think she will bluff raise occasinonally with nothing or a busted draw.
C10B-You check, she bets 50.
She would be far more likely to check her modest two pair hands, hoping to win a showdown, rather than bet them. The bet means she either has trips or better, or nothing. A frequent bluffer has nothing the majority of the time! A small check-raise of 70 will leave you betting 120 to win 140.
C11-A big bet means
when a reasonable player makes it, all information from the past takes a backseat to the fact they have made a big bet. Even unlikely hands merit serious consideration.
C12-Be wary of overcallers
When someone makes a substantial-sized bet, and there is a call and an overcall, often the overcaller has a very strong hand. Think about the board and how your opponents play, and you can often narrow the overcaller down to a few likely holdings.
C13-If your thinking about raising
if you don’t know how to respond to an all-in reraise, usually you should either move in yourself or raise a smaller amount, which will allow you to fold easily to a reraise.
C13A-blinds 100/200. You have 2400. You raise 700 with Ah-Js, and an opponent who has you covered moves in. Everyone folds back to you. Your getting 3400 to 1700(2 to 1),
but you suspect you’re a 2-1 dog, so you don’t know how to respond. Your opponent could have some hands that youd fold to(pocket aces or ace-king, for instance) and he could have some that you would call-77, etc. Your about a 2-1 dog and getting 2-1 so you should be indifferent between calling/ folding. But if calling is ok, then raising all-in must have been better than raising to just 700 because it encourages hands likes 77 to fold rather than reraise you.
C14-Raising vs raising in limit
in limit, if you get caught raising with a second-best hand, you just get reraised and it costs you a fraction of a bet. In no limit, the punishment is a reraise that might force you off your hand, costing you all your pot equity. It is riskier so you must be more judicious with your raises.
C15-If your opponent thinks his hand is good
bet more than usual because he is more likely to call it.
C16-overbets with moderate hands
Occasionally overbet early in the hand with moderate hands to disguise you overbets with excellent hands.
C17-If your preflop raise is called behind you
check a lot of flops. You should usually check if you don’t have much, and you should check a lot of your good hands as well. What you do later is depedant on your hand and your opponents, and don’t be afraid every once in awhile to check-raise bluff.
C18A-10-20 with 2000 stacks. You have Qh-Jh in MP. Two limpers, you also limp. Two more limpers after you, small blind folds, and the big blind checks. The pot is 130, and there are six active players. Flop comes 7s-5s-4c. Everyone checks. The turn is the Qd, giving you top pair. It’s checked to the first limper who bets 100.
You should often fold despite having caught top pair. There’s a decent chance you have the best hand, but that isn’t reason enough to call. You are calling 100 to win 230, but reverse implied odds will haunt you. If you are ahead, you will only win 230, but if your behind you will probably face another tough decision. 1-You could already be behind 2-You could get outdrawn on the river 3-You could get bluffed out either now or on the river
C19-In protected pots( a pot where anyone who bets should reasonably expect someone to call, ie someone is all-in or close to it, or a player is known to be very loose.)
If a thinking opponent bets, it carries a lot more weight than if it weren’t protected. Don’t call without a good hand .
C20-Why should you limpe sometimes behind limpers with pocket aces
Deep limping balances your play and traps overzealous preflop stealers. You can reraise, and you may get more action than usual. Just make sure that if you see the flop in a limped pot, you don’t get trapped and lose a lot with an overpair.
C21-With the nuts, after the flop in a limped pot
occasionally try for a deep check-raise with the nuts.
C22-Ace-King, how to use it best
IT is a powerful “move-in” hand, well-suited to all-in moves preflop. It is 66-33 against any non-pair hand, 45-54 against all pairs through queens, a 30-70 vs kings, and 7-93 vs aces. The only hand that it fears is pocket aces, and the fact that you hold aces cuts the chance an opponent has pocket aces in half. It doesn’t play well oop after the flop vs deep stacks, especially in multiway pots, where it is a total mess if it misses the flop. But it is unlikely to be in big trouble preflop, but has limited value postflop, it is often best to make a big preflop reraise.
C22A-2/5 with 400 stacks. Ep makes it 25, three callers. You have Ah-Ks Pot is 105, you have 395 left.
Best play is to move all-in, all 395. Getting slightly less than 4-1. The original raiser is more of an underdog to have kings or aces the more aggro they are. Sometimes you will get called by a weaker hand. The only problem is that thinking players will realize this is the only hand you would do this with, and will call with small pocket pairs. If you are against players like this, then also makes this move sometimes with big pairs-ie just move in ½ the time with KK.
C23-When is it ok to limp pf, while planning to fold to a raise
do this with a weak pf hand that has a hand to win a big pot, but that wont get the right implied odds to play for a bigger preflop bet.
C23B-1-2 with a 500 stack. A loose, bad player limps with 300 limps in mp. You have 8c-7s on off the button
limp, planning to fold to a raise. Your hand is worthwhile in position vs a bad player. When a good player raises, you no longer have implied odds to play. You can even do this when a raise is likely. Also this will set up limp-reraises since this will encourage opponents to raise your limps.
C24-In an aggressive game, when you have hands that you would normally limp with in a passive game.
consider making a small raise to set the bet size. Sometimes this will help you see the flop cheaply. The downside is you lose more if you are forced to fold to a reraise, but reraising is a risky play, and if you balance your raises, your can 3bet with a strong hand.
C25-Stack position vs hand strength
The deeper the stacks are, the less important preflop hand strength becomes, and the more important position becomes. If you throw in weak opponents, preflop hand strength becomes even less important, while position retains its value. As a result, you can profitably limp on the button with a wide range of hands. With 1000 stacks and a 5 bet ahead of you from a weak opponent, you can call with pocket pairs, any two suited cards, any big offsuit cards, any ace, any offsuit connector down to 5-4. You can also play looser if someone has already raised. If the raise is less than 1/20 of the stacks, you can call with any pair, any suited ace or king, two big suited, suited connectors with a gap, and offsuit connectors. Just be careful no to lose to much if you flop top pair and appear to be beaten.
C26-When you are semi-bluffing before the flop
, do it with one of the best hands you would otherwise fold. Eg- Call K10s, Raise K7s on button occasionally since if you do get action, you are better off than with J3o
C27-When you are semi-bluffing before the flop in the big blind
do it with one of your worst hands. Eg-Check K10s(or make a pot sweetner raise) and K7s because you see a free flop,. Raise J3o since these raises are rarely called and you usually are giving up if they are called. You can switch this to the opposite if your raises are getting called.
C28-When raising a strong hand
either raise a small, pot building amount or a large, hand defining amount. Don’t raise an amount in the middle that tells them what you have, and gives them implied odds to call. Usually make the small raise and occaisionally make the large one.
C28A-5/10, 800 stack. Two good players limp in, you have Kh-Kc on the button.
30 or so would be a pot-building raise. This is small enough that they will tend to call it. You would raise that amount with a wide variety of hands, hoping to build the pot with a positional advantage, so you aren’t giving away your hand strength. Raising to 120 would be a hand-defining raise. Your unlikely to get any action except from good hands. The size of the raise gives away your hand strength, but they cant do anything with the information. Even if you always commited your stack on the flop, you don’t give them compensation to call. Its 110 more, but they can win a max of 845. so 8-1, and they need more to call with a pocket pair. If you raised to 80, they know what you have, and it is 70 to them, with 845 potential win. So its about 12-1, allowing them to call profitably with some hands. Usually make the small raise and occasionally make the large one.
C29-Occasionally make pot sweetner raises
a min raise made sometimes from last position to increase the pot size with hands that play well after the flop-suited connectors, suited aces, and pocket pairs. Do it when your stack is larger than most at the table.
C30-Implied odds and different opponents
Overly aggressive and overly loose(calling station) players offer higher implied odds. Weak-tight players offer lower implied odds(but more bluffing opportunities). Whenever you estimate your implied odds, think about what THIS player is likely to lose.
C32-It can be better to fold a hand before the river that has more than a 50% chance of winning.
This happens when you are out of position vs a good player with deep stacks. This happens often when your hand is vulnerable and your opponent is likely to know it.
C33-Giving free cards
You will be forced to give a lot of free cards with deep stacks, OOP check the turn a lot. In position, check behind the flop and turn a lot. Reasons for checking the flop or turn.-1)Keep the pot small, since one pair is a small-pot hand. 2)When your in position, you are often getting a free card instead of giving one since you would have been check-raised. 3)It induces bluffs. It is necessary to check weak hands at some point instead of 3 barrel bluffing. They will bet a lot when you show weakness, so it is important to do this with good hands as well. One pair hands are perfect for this.
C33A- You have Ac-As with 500 stacks in a 2-5 game. Opponent limps, you raise to 20 in MP. Flop Qh-7h-3s. He checks.
Usually you should bet, but sometimes you should check. And sometimes if you bet and he calls the flop, you should check behind on the turn. Checking will induce bluffs from aggressive players, which you should call or raise depending on the situation. It will also balance your play so they will be wrong to try and steal from you automatically when you check.
C34-If you have a close decision between semi-bluffing a draw or checking it,
be more inclined to check if you could make your draw with an overcard to the board. The higher implied odds your draw has, the less attractive semi-bluffing with it becomes. If you can make your draw with an overpair to the board, you tend to have higher implied odds because someone could make top pair when you make your draw.
C34A-Compare Ac6c on a Kc-9s-5c board vs Ac6c on a 9s-5c-3c board.
On the former board, no club can come that is also an overcard, since you hold the A. On the latter, however, the Kc-Qc-Jc-Tc all make your flush and also put an overcard to the board. He will lose more money if he makes top pair, so the second has better implied odds and you should be more inclined to check it.
C35-Unusually small bets
usually mean a suck-in bet(with a big hand), or a bluff(a cheap stab at the pot). Of course this is opponent dependent. But, generally speaking, small bets are usually really big or really small hands. By small, this means small for this player.
C36-With the very good hands that aren’t quite the nuts
be more apt to slowplay them. This will save you money if they have the nuts, and allow them to catch up if they are behind, or induce a bluff. Fast-play the nuts more often in case someone else is slow-playing a very good hand.
C37-Turn betting vs flop betting
In general, turn bets should be a smaller percentage of the pot than flop bets. Since there is only one more card coming, bets don’t need to be as large in relation to the pot to make draws unprofitable. But remember that if you think your opponent believes that he is ahead, you can bet bigger.
C38-Draws to the nuts and semi-bluffing
be more apt to semi-bluff when your draw isn’t to the nuts than when it is. When you contemplate a semi-bluff with a drawing hand, you have to compare the expectation of betting vs the expectation of checking. The expectation of checking can be higher for two reasons –1)because you might hit your draw and win money from someone who would have folded to your bluff, but who might improve to a second best hand like two pair or trips. 2)Checking can also allow you to see an extra card those times that your opponent already has a strong hand and would have raised you out if your had bluffed. If you check and catch your draw, sometimes your win their entire stack. Thus occasionally checking will turn a loss into a huge win. Both of these effects are stronger when you have a nut draw then when you don’t. And if you not only don’t have the nut draw, but could be drawing dead because the board is paired, the effect is even stronger. With limited implied odds, semi-bluffing now becomes more attractive. This concept only applies with large stacks, otherwise it is reversed.
C39-Pay close attention to the size of your opponents bets
you cant call a preflop raise of 60 with the same hands as one of 40. Different bet sizes offer significantly different pot and implied odds. Every bet size is different and offers different odds. Always think about these odds while you play.
C40-Certain flops require certain-sized bets.
No matter what hand you hold, your bets on average for a Ah-Kd-Ks flop should be smaller than a Jh-9s-7h flop. The correct bet sizes are derived primarily from the implied odds they offer. But your bets cant be so big that its obvious they aren’t getting odds to call. The first flop requires far greater implied odds to call since if they are behind they have little chance to catch up. So your bets should be smaller no matter what you hold. On the second flop, many more draws are possible, especially since tough opponents will bluff when draws come in, adding outs to drawing hands and allowing them to call larger bets profitably. So your bets need to be bigger.
C41A-playing 10-20 with 2000 stacks. Your opponent is likely to decide you are bluffing and raise with nothing. Folded to you on the button, you raise with Qh-9h. BB calls. Flop comes Ad-9s-5c. He checks.
you are probably ahead, but you can easily be beaten. Since you don’t have much of a draw when behind, your goal should be to clarify whether your hand is best or not as early as possible. Since the board is fairly ragged, you don’t have to worry much about him drawing against you. This would suggest you make a smallish bet. The problem is that a small bet may embolden him to CR bluff when a somewhat larger bet might get an immediate fold. You cant call a check-raise, so bet an amount that will discourage a bluff. The pot is 130 and the board and medium hand suggest a bet of 60 or so, but you should bet more like 100 or 120 to discourage a CR bluff. Similar reasoning sometimes justifies a bit larger bet so that his calls aren’t with weak hands that will throw you off.
C42-If you check on the river, MOST players will bet only with very good hands and with bluffs.
They’ll check down hands that could win a showdown, but are unlikely to be called by worse hands. If its heads up on the end, and they make a significant bet, with money behind it, making it even more significant since they are risking a checkraise. Its quite unlikely he will have a mediocre hand. For example you have top pair with a good kicker, and he bets, it is unlikely he has top pair with a worse kicker, since he probably would have checked it down. Instead he probably has top pair solidly beaten or a total bust. So it really doesn’t matter that you have top pair with a good kicker, you could have top pair with a bad kicker, or medium pair, etc. All these hands will only beat a bluff.
C43-Big bets mean big hands
Don’t make or call big river bets with weak hands. Make the occasional bluff. But don’t convince yourself to make big bluffs all the time or that your opponents are making big bluffs all the time.
C44-The bigger a bet your opponent makes
the more your hands turn into bluff catchers. Top pair may be a good hand, but when your opponents make big river bets, they are representing something better. They either have what they represent or nothing, so top pair turns into a bluff catcher because it only beats bluffs. The strength of your hand has little effect on whether you call.
C45-Know when a hand(even a good one) has more value as a bluff catcher.
When you are first to act on the river, there are two ways to make money with a good hand, bet it and get called by a weaker hand, or check it and get your opponent to bet a weaker hand. When it is relatively unlikely that he will call with a hand that you beat, so even with the best hand, value betting wont make you much money. Instead, check, hoping to induce a bluff. Also, if your opponents see you check and call with good hands, he will be less likely to bluff or value bet against you in the future. They will check behind you more often. By doing so, you will take away some of their positional advantage, and make more $ oop.
C46-Don’t just think about what you put your opponents on, think about what they put you on.
Think on the second level. What might they put you on. Maybe you checked behind on the turn rather than betting a decent made hand. He makes a big bet on the river, what might he have? If he thinks your weak and makes a big bet, the bet is more likely than usual to be a bluff. Most players wont bet big with good hands into likely weak ones. They will bet small hoping you call. On the other hand, if you have played strongly and he makes a big bet, look out! Think about what he might put you on, and it will make decisions easier.
C47-You have 7s-6s on the buttonin a nine handed 5-10 game with 4000 stacks. An EP player raises to 30. You call, BB calls. Flop comes Kd-7c-6h. BB checks, preflop raiser bets 100 into a 95 pot. You raise to 400. BB folds, and the flop bettor calls. Pot is 895. Turn is 2c. BB checks and you bet 500. He calls. Pot is 1895. River is 10d BB checks. You decide to bet 600, but he moves all-in. You are getting 2.25-1 to call.
Don’t call. On the turn his most likely hand is AK or AA. On the river, you think he would call a smallish bet, but fold those hands to an all-in bet. If it’s clear your opponent has a hand at least worth a call, but raises instead, it’s almost never a bluff. There is little chance he was calling on a draw, so he must have at least K-10 or he would have just called your river bet.
C-49 If someone makes a big bet on the flop into multiple players, typically he will have a good, but not great hand.
A bet says three things- 1- Im not particularly afraid of one or two players calling. 2-I don’t want all of you to call 3-I wouldn’t mind winning the pot now. Only a player with a good, not great hand would say all these things. If they had a great hand they would have bet less, they would generally either check or bet small. Bluffing with a big bet into multiple opponents is dangerous. A pot size or bigger bluff offers you even money or less on your play. So bluffers often choose a smaller size bet. That way they don’t have to succeed as often to make money.
C50-Playing 10/20 with 4000 stacks. You have Ah-Qc in MP. Someone limps in early position, you limp too. Two limpers behind you, the sb calls, bb checks. Pot is 120. Flop comes As-9h-7d. Everyone checks to you, you bet 100. The two players behind you call, as does the big blind. Four active players left. Pot is 520. Turn is 5h. BB checks, you check. Next player bets 400. the other two players fold.
You should often fold too. You are out of position with a hand that’s unlikely to improve against someone who has made a very powerful turn bet. The pot is now 920 and your getting 920 to 400 but you both have over 3400 left. If you call now, he may well bet 1000 or more on the river. If someone bets the flop and gets two or more callers, then bets a significant amount on the turn
C52-The play of check-raising to knock people out
should rarely be used in no-limit. The cost vs gain is too high
C53-In headsup pots, whether you are first or second to act is more likely to affect your decision in no-limit.
There are far more situations in no-limit where you’d do something different with the same hand in different positions. With a draw to the nuts you will frequently bet out of position and check in position if checked to. When you bet, you give him a chance to fold, checking will elicit a bet anyway, and you might not like the bet size. When you are second to act, he might fold to a bet, but you may not want him to, you may prefer to trying for a huge win when you make the nuts and he makes second best.
C54-You have Kh-Th on a Ks-7s-6d-8d. vs an aggressive opponent.
two major reasons to check behind 1- it avoids a check-raise. If you bet, you will often get check-raised. Since you have both a gutshot and a top pair, both calling and folding to the check-raise will cost you considerably. If you call, you do so as a likely significant underdog, but if you fold you miss out on your chance to draw. 2-Checking behind might induce a bluff from a busted draw. If he has a hand like Qs-Js and misses on the river, he may view your turn check as weakness and launch a bluff. Generally speaking, getting check-raised is worse for you in no-limit, since it often puts you in a tough situation. On the turn, many limit autobets turn into checks. Make sure you evaluate carefully.
C55-Why is limping on the button when it is folded to you ok in no-limit
drawing hands play better on the turn and river than on the flop and turn. If you raise and are called, you are bloating the pot and cutting your implied odds. You don’t want a large flop bet compared to the sizes of the stacks. As the stacks get very large though, you will want to start raising to sweeten the pot. If the blinds start raising your open-limps, you can min-raise to stop this.
C56-Pot odds and preflop betting
When preflop betting is small compared to stack sizes, it doesn’t really matter much what odds your getting. What matters is how well your holding will perform throughout the entire hand. With short stacks however, pot odds matter a lot more.
C58-Game theory
Think about what they put you on, and what they think you put them on. If you plan to make a play that will give away your hand, choose a different play occasionally and make the same play sometimes with a different holding.
C59-Don’t help your opponents play correctly
Your job is to try to avoid difficult decisions for yourself, but to impose them on your opponents. Whenever you confront an opponent with a tough decision, you have created an opportunity for him to make a mistake. Ways to make it easy for them-1) Make bets on the river that no better hands will fold to any no worse hands will call. 2)Betting so much that a hand you want to call wont, or betting so little that a hand you don’t want to call will 3)Making a bet that will entice a raise that is about the size you don’t want to face.
C60-5/10 game, 2000 stacks. Three limpers, sb completes. You check bb with Qc-8s. 50 in pot. Flop comes 8h-7h-3c. sb bets 50.
Your problem is that there are still several players yet to act, and you have a modest hand, unlikely to improve. If you raise now, you’re risking too many chips compared to the chance your already beaten. Even if your not already beaten, you could get called by a strong draw and drawn out on or pushed off later. If you call, you allow any of the three players behind you to either raise(forcing you off), or call cheaply, leaving you with a weak hand oop. Furthermore, the small blind’s holding is likely to be fairly strong since he bet out on a coordinated board, likely a strong pair or better or a good draw. So he may make a big bet on the turn. So even though you have a good hand, the small pot, deep stacks, and multiple opponents with position force you to fold. This would even apply with Ah-Ts on a Ac-Jc-9h flop. This concept is VERY VERY IMPORTANT!!!!!!
C8-Why should you raise more than normal out of the blinds?
1-you will be playing the rest of the hand out of position, so you don’t mind winning immediately as much as you might. 2-When your opponents call with position and a weaker hand, they will be relying on implied odds to make their calls profitable. Big raises cut down your opponents implied odds. 3-Out of position it is more important to cut down their possible hands. You cant do that with a small raise.
C18-You are in a multiway limped pot, and you limped with nothing great. You missed the flop, and it got checked around. The turn gives you top pair.
Unless you have an ace kicker, you should often fold if someone bets more than half the pot. Don’t get trapped with a fourth street top pair in multiway checked pots.
C31-Implied odds and draws
Implied oods are higher on draws the more concealed they are.
C32A-You have Kc-Jc on a board of Jd-8s-6s. You bet the flop, and your opponent, a tough player, raises
If you reraise, you will win a small pot or lose a big one. If you call, you will get pushed around on the turn and river, and if you fold, you do it too much, changing your hand from a theoretical favorite to the actual underdog.
C41-When betting mediocre hands,
bet just enough so that if you are raised, it means you are probably beaten. This makes the hand easier to play. A smaller bet might encourage a check-raise bluff while a larger one might just make him fold.
C48-You have Js-9s two off the button in a 5-10 game. Everyone has at least 800. One limper, you limp. Button limps, sb folds, bb checks. Four see a flop with a 45 pot.
In multiway pots where it appears noone has hit the flop often make small bluffs(1/3 pot). Balance these bluffs by also sometimes making small bets with good hands.