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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Partial assessment of a dyspneic client would not include which of the following?
1) respiratory rate 2) sputrm 3) Chest X-ray 4) breathing pattern |
X-Ray
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2 L/min of O2 via nasal cannula or simple face mask is given to clients with underlying chronic obstructive lung disease in oder to:
1) reduce the risk of O2 toxicity 2) reduce the risk of carbon dioxide retention 3) increase pH level 4) increase diaphragmatic excursion |
Reduce the risk of carbon dioxide retention
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Humidification is added to O2 therapy via nasal cannula O2 in order to
1) prevent drying of the nasal mucosa 2) liquefy pulmonary secretions 3) increase the client's cough 4) improve oxygenation |
prevent drying of the nasal mucosa
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BiPAP difffers from CPAP in that
1) positive pressure is only given during inhalation 2) Positive pressure is only given during exhalation 3) it uses negative pressure during inhalation and exhalation 4) it uses positive pressure during inhalation and exhalation |
it uses positive pressure during inhalation and exhalation
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the use of noninvasive ventilation (CPAP or BIPAP) has the potential to cause carbon dioxide retention in selected clients. which clients are at greater risk for carbon dioxide retention?
1) Clients with an underlying diagnosis of congestive heart failure 2) clients with an underlying diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis 3) clients with an underlying diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 4) clients with an underlying diagnosis of pulmonary edema |
clients with an underlying diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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Your client is on mechanical ventilation. Suddenly he develops sever respiratory distress, his vital signs change, his O2 saturation suddenly declines, and his tracheal tube is no longer mideline. You suspect a tension pneumothorax. Your immediate actions are to:
1) Begin manual ventilation and obtain vital signs and pulse oximetry as soon as possible 2) Keep the ventilator settings the same and notify physician 3) Notify the physician 4) Suction the client and obtain vital signs |
begin manual ventilation and obtain vital signs and pulse oximentry as soon as possible
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Your client has a large amount of pulomnary secretions. Over the last hour you note that the secretions are thicker and the volume has increased. During the last 30 min, the pressure alarm on the mechanical ventilator has triggered repeatedly. What actions is appropriate to correct this problem?
1) Manually ventilate the client 2) Change the sensitivity setting on the ventilator. 3) suction the client's airway 4) Call the physician. |
suction the client's airway
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What is cyanosis
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bluish coloration of the skin due to the presence of deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface. It occurs when the oxygen saturation of arterial blood falls below 85%.
The elementary principle behind cyanosis is that deoxygenated hemoglobin produces the bluish discoloration, and also produces vasoconstriction that makes it more evident. Thus oxygen deficiency - hypoxia - leads to blue discoloration of the lips and other mucus membranes. |
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What is hypercapnia
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(from the Greek hyper = "above" and kapnos = "smoke"), also known as CO2 Poisoning, is a condition where there is too much carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood. Carbon dioxide is a gaseous product of the body's metabolism and is normally expelled through the lungs.
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What is hypoxemia
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abnormal deficiency in the concentration of oxygen in arterial blood (Mosby's Medical Dictionary). A frequent error is made when the term is used to describe poor tissue diffusion as in hypoxia. It is possible to have a low oxygen content (eg due to anemia) but a high PO2 in arterial blood so incorrect use can lead to confusion.
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What is hypoxia
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shortage of oxygen in the body, when there is not enough O2 in the body to meet the metabolic demands of the tissues and cells.
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The Six Rights of Medication Administration
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* Right client
* Right time * Right medicine. * Right dose * Right route * Right documentation. |
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Noninvasive ventilation (NIV)
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maintains positive airway pressure and improves alveolar ventilation without the need for an artificial airway
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continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
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maintains a set positive airway pressure is a NIV
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Bilevel positive airway pressure(BiPAP)
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generates a preset positive pressure support, which increases the client's tidal volume and ultimately alveolar ventilation, pressure support ends when the client initiates the expiration phase
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when would you use a negative pressure system for O2 delivery
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clients with multiple sclerosis and muscular dystrophy
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what is pneumothorax
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collapsed lung
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cascade in a O2 delivery
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temperature of the heater in the ventilation, can be a source of infection water in tubing should drain out into back into water source
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What are the ONLY reliable indicator of pain
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Onset and duration
location Intensity quality pain pattern relief measures concomitant symptoms |
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What is ment by quality of pain
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aching
burning throbbing pulling sharp tingling |
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What is pallor
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pale skin (loss of color)
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cyanosis
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bluish discoloration
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jaundice
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yellow, orange discoloration
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erythema
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red discoloration, inflamation
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macule
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flat nonpalpable
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papule
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palpable circumscribed solid elevation
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nodule
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elevated deeper and firmer (wart)
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tumor
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soild mass may be deep > 1-2cm
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wheal
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elevated localized edema (hives, bug bite)
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vesicle
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circumscribed elevation filled with fluid < .5cm crusty (herpes simples)
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Pustule
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circumscribed elevation filled with pus (acne)
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ulcer
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deep loss of skin surface
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atrophy
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thinning of skin wall with loss of normal skin furrow with skin apperaring shinny and translucent
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what is neuropathy
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decreased sensation in feet
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