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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which two products are being oxidized in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway?
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NADH and FADH2
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NADH -> NAD+
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This reaction gives electrons to complex I
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Succinate -> Fumarate
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This reaction gives electrons in the form of FADH2 to complex II
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What molecule is used to transfer electrons from complex I and II to complex III.
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coenzyme Q or ubiquinone
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What molecule transfers electrons from complex III to complex IV?
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Cytochrome C
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Which complexes within the electron transport chain pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
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Complex I, III, and IV
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What is the proton motive force?
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The proton motive force is generated by the pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The hydrogen proton gradient and charge grandient is referred to as the proton motive force and is used to drive complex V
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Which protein complex uses the protons to make energy?
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Complex V
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Rotenone is a fish poision that inhibits complex ____.
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I
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The mitochondrial defect associated with a complex I deficiency primarily affecting the optic nerve results in:
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LEBER’S HERIDITARY OPTIC NEUROPATHY (LHON)
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quinone
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An electron acceptor of electrons from complex I and II.
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The ultimate electron acceptor
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Oxygen
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Thermogenin
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Thermogenin is an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation used for heat production.
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What are some examples of reactive oxygen species?
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Superoxide, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and semiquinone
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Which two sites within the electron transport chain is known for production of free radicals?
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complex I and III.
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What three enzymes are used to breakdown superoxide
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Superoxide dismutase
Catalase Glutathione peroxidase |
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The conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide is facilitated by what enzyme?
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Superoxide dismutase
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The conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water is facilitated by what two enzymes?
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Catalase and Glutathione peroxidase
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(True or False) Mitochondria contain their own DNA?
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TRUE
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The reason for a higher mutation rate within mitochondria DNA is due to which three factors?
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Reactive oxygen species, Mitochondrial lacks DNA repair enzymes and Mitochondrial DNA lacks histones.
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Mitochondrial diseases results in an elevation of which molecules?
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lactic acid, fatty acids, pyruvate, and tryglycerides
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LEBER’S HERIDITARY OPTIC NEUROPATHY (LHON)
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Deficiency in Complex I
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Maternally inherited Leigh’s syndrome (MILS)
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Deficiency in Complex V (ATP synthase)
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Myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MEERF)
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Deficiency in the lysine tRNA gene
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(True or False) Parkinson's disease can be linked to a mitochondrial abnormality.
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TRUE
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Reperfusion injury is commonly caused by free radical damage.
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TRUE as well as other factors
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What type of inheritance is displayed by the pedigree?
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Mitochondrial inheritance
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