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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is oxidation?
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LOSS of electrons
GAIN of oxygen LOSS of hydrogen |
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What is reduction?
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GAIN of electrons
LOSS of oxygen GAIN of hydrogen |
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What are oxidation states used for? (3)
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Telling of oxidation or reduction has taken place
Work out what has been reduced/oxidised Construct half equations and balanced redox equations |
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What is the oxidation number?
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The number of electrons that an atom uses to form bonds with other atoms in a compound (OS and ON are usually the same)
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What is the oxidation state?
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The number of electrons that must be added or removed to form a neutral atom (OS and ON are usually the same)
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The sum of the oxidation state adds up to ____
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zero
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How do you determine which is the positive one?
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The more electronegative species will have a negative value
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How do you work out which species is electronegative?
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Electronegativity increases across a preoid and up a group
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How do you determine the value of an elements oxidation state?
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From its position in the peroidic table or the other element(s) present in the formula
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Work out the OS of SO2
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O is more electronegative
OS of O is -2 2 x -2 = -4 Therefore S is +4 |
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What is hydrogen's OS and exceptions?
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+1
Except - 0 in atom/molecule form -1 in hydride ion (H-) in sodium hydroxide |
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What is oxygen's OS and exceptions?
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-2
Except - 0 in atom/molecule form -1 in hydrogen peroixide -2 in F2O |
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What is fluorine's OS and exceptions?
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-1 except 0 in atom and molecule form
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