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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are Gram- motile(axial filament)
ex. Treponema pallidum (Syphilis) ex. Borrelia burgdorferi (lyme disease) |
Spirochetes
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Aerobec microaerophilic,motile,helical/vibroid
Gram- bacteria |
Helicobacter pylori (ulcers)
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(UTI, burns, wounds) |
Gram- Aerobic rods and cocci
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Legionella pneumophila
(pneumonia) |
Gram- Aerobic rods and cocci
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Neisseria Gonorrheae
(gonorrhea) Neisseria meningitidis (miningococcal miningitis) |
Gram- Aerobic rods and cocci
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Bordetella pertussis
(whooping cough) |
Gram- Aerobic rods and cocci
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Escherichia coli
(UTI, indicators of fecal matter, foodborne disease) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Enterobacteriaceae" |
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Salmonella enteritidis
(Salmonellosis, food poisoning) Salmonella typhi (typhoid fever) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Enterobacteriaceae" |
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Shigella spp.
(Bacillary Dysentary) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Enterobacteriaceae" |
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
(pediatric wards) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Enterobacteriaceae" |
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Serratia marcescens
(UTI, respiratory tract, Nosocomial Infections) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Enterobacteriaceae" |
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Yersinia pestis
(Bubonic Plague, Black Death) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Enterobacteriaceae" |
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Enterobacter aerogenes
(UTI, Nosocomial Infections-Hospital) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Enterobacteriaceae" |
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Vibrio cholerae
(cholera) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Vibrionaceae" |
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Hemophilus influenzae
(miningitis,otitis media) *children affected* |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Pasteurellaceae" |
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Gardnerella vaginalis
(common cause of vaginitis) |
Facultatively anaerobic gram- rods
"Pasteurellaceae" |
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Bacteriodes
(peritonitis) |
Anaerobic, gram- straight, curved, helical rods
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Rickettsia rickettsii
(rocky mountain spotted fever) |
gram-
obligate intracellular parasites |
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Chlamydia trachomatis
(Trachoma, most common cause of blindness, non-gonococcal urethritis(NGU) |
gram-
obligate intracellular parasites |
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
(walking pneumonia) |
no cell wall, highly pleomorphic,very small (100-250nm)
genus - mycoplasm |
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Staphylococcus aureus
(boils, Staph Infections) |
gram+, cocci
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streptococcus pyogenes
(strept throat) |
gram+, cocci
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Streptococcuspneumoniae
(otitis media) |
gram+, cocci
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Streptococcus mutans
(dental caries) |
gram+, cocci
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Clostridium tetani
(tetanus "lockjaw") |
Endospore-forming,gram+ cocci
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Clostridium botulinum
(botulism poisoning) |
Endospore-forming,gram+ cocci
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Clostridium perfringens
(gas gangrene) |
Endospore-forming,gram+ cocci
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Clostridium difficle
(antibiotic associated colitis) |
Endospore-forming,gram+ cocci
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Bacillius anthracis
(anthrax) |
Endospore-forming,gram+ rod
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Lactobacillus
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Regular, non-spore forming, gram+ rods
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Corynebacteria diphtheriae
(diphtheria) |
Irregular, non-spore forming, gram+ rods
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Mycobacterium tubericulosis
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gram+, aerobic, non-motile, rods,acid fast(Mycolic acid)
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Mycobacterium leprae
(leprosy) |
gram+, aerobic, non-motile, rods,acid fast(Mycolic acid)
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Norcardia asteroides
(pulmonary nocardiosis) |
Nocardioforms, acid fast
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Halococcus
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Archea
high NaCl |
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Sulfobolus
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Archea
pH 2.0,temp.>70C sulfur rich hot springs |
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Methanogens
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Archea
H2 + CO2---> CH4 sewage sludge |
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Streptomyces
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Actinomycetes
gram+ |
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Herpesviridae
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Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1&2)
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) Ebstein-Barr virus (EBV) Cytomegalovirus CMV) DNA Enveloped |
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Papovaviridae
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Human Papilloma viruses
(genital warts) DNA naked |
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Human Adenoviruses
(Respiratory/Enteric) |
Adenoviridae
dsDNA naked |
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Smallpox virus
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Poxviridae
dsDNA naked |
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Myxoma,Fibroma viruses
(benign tumor, warts) |
Poxviridae
dsDNA naked |
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Hepatitis B virus
(HBV-Serum hepatitis) |
Hepadnaviridae
dsDNA enveloped |
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Human Immunodeficiency virus types 1&2
HIV-1 found in U.S. HIV-2 found in Africa |
Retroviridae
ssRNA enveloped |
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Influenza viruses
(flu) |
Orthomyxoviridae
ssRNA enveloped |
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Poliovirus
Rhinoviruses(common cold) Hepatitis A virus HAV Coxsackievirus(hand,foot and mouth disease) |
Picornaviridae
ssRNA naked |
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Racies virus
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Togaviridae
ssRNA enveloped |
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Mumps virus
Measles virus Respiratory Syncntial virus' (children) |
Paramyxoviridae
ssRNA enveloped |
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Rotavirus
(infant enteritis) |
Reoviridae
dsRNA naked |
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Macronutrients
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elements needed in large amounts
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen found in food macromolecules |
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Micronutrients
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elements required in small amounts
Manganese, Zinc, Nickel, Iron |
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Organic Nutrients
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Hydrocarbon based molecules
synthesized by living cells Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lypids,Nucleic Acids |
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Inorganic Nutrients
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molecules that are not hydrocarbon based
N2,O2,NH4,CO2,H2O,ZnO |
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Binary Fission
(Asexual Reproduction) |
Parent cell divides forming two daughter cells
sometimes cell remain attached formin chains, clusters, etc. |
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Population
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group of organisms located within a defined area
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Population Growth
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an increase inthe number of "viable" cells
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Generation Time
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a way to express population growth, the average time it takes for a cell to reproduce, generation time is affected by environmental factors (temp. nutrients, etc.)
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Exponential Growth
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Doubling of the population size with each generation of cells produced
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Lag Phase
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slow initial growth due to a readjustment of the genetic machinery to the new environment
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Log Phase
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Greatest rate of population growth
exponential growth |
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Stationary Phase
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stabalized population
# of viable cells does not change over time *Birth rate = Death rate* |
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Death Phase
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population decline
viable # of cells decreases over time |
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Gracilicutes (thin skin)
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gram- bacteria
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Firmicutes (firm wall)
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gram+ bacteria
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Tenericutes (soft)
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wall-less bacteria
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Medosicutes (false)
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Ancient Unusual Forms of bacteria
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Name the 4 Classification criteria for Bacteria
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1. Morphology
2. Physiological/Biochemical Characteristics 3. Serology 4. Genetic Tests |
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Bacteriophage Replication
(Lytic cycle) |
Adsorption
Penetration Synthesis Assembly Release |
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Bacteriophage Replication
(Lysogenic cycle) |
Attachment
DNA is injected DNA incorporated in chromosome latentcy induction(chem,energy turn on) release |
