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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
allegory
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a prolonged metaphor
i.e. a type of imagery involving the extended use of a person or object to represent some concept outside the literal narrative of a text. |
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alliteration
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deliberate repetition of sounds, especially the initial consonant sounds, in successive words
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anaphora
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repetition of words or phrases for emphasis
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anastrophe
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the reversal of normal word order, as with a preposition following its object, often with the effect of emphasizing the words placed earlier.
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apostrophe
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address to some person or thing not present, usually for emotional effect.
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assonance
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repetition of vowel or syllable sounds in successive words.
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asyndeton
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omission of conjunctions where one or more would ordinarily be expected in a series of words or phrases.
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caesura
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a pause between words occurring within a metrical foot.
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chiasmus
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arrangement of words or phrases in an oppositional, ABBA order
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diaeresis
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a pause between words coinciding with the end of a metrical foot, less common than caesura
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diastole
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lengthening of an ordinary short vowel, usually when it occurs under the ictus and before a caesura.
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ellipsis
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omission of one or more words necessary to the sense of a sentence but easily understood from the context
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enjambment
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delay of the final word or phrase of a sentence (or clause) to the beginning of the following verse.
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Golden Line
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a form of interlocked word order in which a verb is positioned in the middle, with adjectives preceeding and nouns following in symmetrical arrangement.
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Hendiadys
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use of two nouns connected by a conjunction, often instead of one modified noun expressing a single complex idea.
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ictus
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the verse accent, or beat, occurring on the first syllable of each foot in the dactylic hexameter and the elegiac couplet.
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interlocked word order
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arrancement of related pairs of words in an alternating ABAB pattern, often to emphasize a close connection between two thoughts
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irony
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the use of language witha meaning opposite that suggested by the context
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litotes
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a form of deliberate understatement, generally with with a softening effect
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metaphor
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an implied comparison, using one word for another that it suggests
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metonymy
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a type of imagery in which one word, generally a noun, is employed to suggest another with which it is closely related. ("taedae quoque iure coissent..."
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onomatopoeia
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use of words whose sounds suggest their meaning or the general meaning of their immediate context.
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oxymoron
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the juxtoposition of two opposing ideas, usually to underscore an incongruity.
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personification
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a type of imagery by which human traits are attributed to non-human things.
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polysyndeton
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use of a greater number of conjunctions than usual or necessary, often to emphasize the elements in a series
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prolepsis
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attribution of some characteristic to a person or thing before it is logically appropriate
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simile
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an explicit comparison (often introduced by ut, velut, qualis, or similis) between one person or thing and another, the latter generally something more familiar to the reader
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synecdoche
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a type of metonymy in whicha part is named in place of an entire object, or a material for a thing made of that material, etc.
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systole
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shortening of a vowel which was ordinarily long, sometimes reflecting an archaic pronunciation, and not ordinarily occuring when the vowel was under the ictus
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tmesis
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separation of a compound word into its constituent parts, generally for metrical convenience
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transferred epithet
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application of an adjective to one noun when it properly applies to another, often involving personification and focusing special attention on the modified noun
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tricolon crescens
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a climactic series of three (or more) examples or illustrations, each more fully developed than the preceding
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word-picture
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a type of imagery in which the words of a phrase are arranged in an order that visually suggests the image being described
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zeugma
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use of a single word with a pair of others (e.g. a verb with two objects, an adjective with two nouns), when it logically applied to only one of them or applied to them both, but ing two quite different ways.
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