Overview Of Counselling Therapies

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BASIC PHILOSOPHY
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Human beings are basically determined by psychic energy and early experiences. Unconscious motives and conflicts are central in present behavior. Irrational forces are strong; the person is driven by sexual and aggressive impulses. Early development is of critical importance because later personality problems have their roots in repressed childhood conflicts.

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Psychoanalytic Therapy

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BASIC PHILOSOPHY
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The central focus is on the nature of the human condition which includes a capacity for self-awareness, freedom of choice to decide one's fate, responsibility, anxiety, the search for meaning, being alone and being in relation with others, and facing the reality of death.

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Existential Therapy

Front 3

BASIC PHILOSOPHY
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The view of humans is positive; we have an inclination toward becoming fully functioning. In the context of the therapeutic relationship, the client experiences feelings that were previously denied to awareness. The client actualizes potential and moves toward increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self, and inner-directedness.

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Person-centered Therapy

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BASIC PHILOSOPHY
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Behavior is the product of leaning. We are both the product and the producer of the environment. No set of unifying assumptions about behavior can incorporate all the existing procedures in the behavioral field.

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Behavior Therapy

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BASIC PHILOSOPHY
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Individuals tent to incorporate faulty thinking, which leads to emotional and behavioral disturbances. Cognitions are the major determinants of how we feel and act. Therapy is primarily oriented toward cognition and behavior, and it stresses the role of thinking, deciding, questioning, doing, and re deciding. This is a psycho-educational model, which emphasizes therapy as a learning process, including acquiring and practicing new skills, learning new ways of thinking, and acquiring more effective ways of coping with problems.

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Cognitive Behavior Therapy

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BASIC PHILOSOPHY
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Based on the premise that there are multiple realities and multiple truths, postmodern therapies reject the idea that reality is external and can be grasped. People create meaning in their lives through conversations with others. The postmodern approaches avoid pathologizing clients, take a dim view of diagnosis, avoid searching for underlying causes of problems, and place a high value on discovering clients' strengths and resources. Rather than endless talking about problems, the focus on therapy is on creating solutions in the present and the future.

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Postmodern Approaches

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BASIC PHILOSOPHY
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The family is viewed from an interactive and systematic perspective. Clients are connected to a living system; a change in one part of the system will result in a change in other parts. The family provides the context for understanding how individuals function in relationship to others and how they behave. Treatment is best focused on the family unit. An individual's dysfunctional behavior grows out of the interactional unit of the family and out of larger systems as well.

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Family Systems Therapy