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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the most common types of ovarian cancer? |
Serous 42% |
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What are the major risk factors for ovarian cancer? |
Uninterrupted ovulation-Nulliparity-Early menarche-Late menopause-Age-Live in N America, Europe-Fam hx |
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What genetic conditions predispose you to ovarian cancer? |
-BRCA1- 80% -BRCAII- 40% -HNPCC- 8-10% |
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What factors are protective for ovarian cancer? |
-OCP’s (50% decline for 5 years) -Breast feeding -Tubal ligation or hyst |
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What are the major types and prevalence of ovarian cancer? |
Serous- MC-42% - CA-125 Mucinous-12% Endometroid-15% Clear cell- 6% Undifferentiated 17% Brenner |
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What are the main symptoms of ovarian cancer? |
Abdominal distention/mass Vague pain or discomfort Dyspepsia Urinary urgency Weight changes |
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What are the main signs of ovarian cancer? |
Palpable premenarcheal or postmenopausal ovary Persistent ov. mass 5-6cm in diameter Firm, nodular, or fixed pelvic mass Mass with symptoms of torsion Unexplained ascites. |
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What cell type do Brenner tumors have? |
Transitional Cell Epithelium
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What causes ascites? |
Indirect lymphatic spread.80% of peritoneal lymph drainage occurs in Rt. hemidiaphragm (MC side affected). Ascites occurs b/c of diaphragmatic lymph blockage. |
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What is stage 1A ovarian cancer? |
Limited to one ovary. No tumor on surface. Capsule intact. |
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What is stage 1B ovarian cancer? |
Tumor involves both ovaries, capsule intact |
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What is stage 1C ovarian cancer? |
C1: Surgical spill C2: Capsule ruptured pre-surgery, surface C3: Malignant ascites, CW |
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What is Stage 2A ovarian cancer? |
A: Ext./implants on uterus &/or tubes |
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What is stage 2B ovarian cancer? |
B: Ext. to other pelvic intraperitoneal tissues. |
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What is stage 3A ovarian cancer? |
A1(i)- LN <10mmA1 (ii)-LN>10mm A2- Micro, extrapelvic, peritoneal, +/- LN |
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What is stage 3B ovarian cancer? |
B: Macro, < 2 cm, +/- RP LN’s, capsule of liver/spleen |
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What is stage 3C ovarian cancer? |
C: Macro, >2cm, +/- RP LN’s, capsule of liver/spleen |
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What is stage 4A ovarian cancer? |
A: Pleural effusion w/ positive cytology |
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What is stage 4B ovarian cancer? |
B: Hepatic/ splanchnic parenchymal mets, extra-abd organs, inguinal LN or LN outside abdomen |
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What is the most common germ cell ovarian cancer? |
Dysgerminoma |
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What are the tumor markers used for dysgerminoma? |
LDH, hcg |
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What is the most common malignant neoplasm during pregnancy? |
dysgerminoma |
