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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypogastric mass |
Ovarian cancer usually presents as |
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50s and 60s |
Ovarian cance ris common in |
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GIT and GUT |
In a patient who presents with hypogastric or adnexal mass, etiology may arise from |
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Urinoma |
retention of urine that may present as a mass |
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Benign |
cystic, movable, non-tender, no ascites, unilateral |
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Malignant |
solid, fixed, nodular, associated with ascites, bilateral |
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Incessant ovulation |
repeated trauma of the surface epitheium of the ovary in a patient who is always ovulating |
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Nulligravid |
always ovulating, increased risk |
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Pregnancy |
no ovulation for 9 months, decreased risk |
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Use of OCPs |
inhibits ovulation, decreased risk |
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Stage 1A |
single ovary or single fallopian tube, regardless of size |
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Stage1B |
both ovaries, or both fallopian tubes, regardless of size |
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Stage IC1 |
intraoperative rupture or spillage |
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Stage IC2 |
preoperative rupture |
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Stage IC3 |
presence of malignant cells in the peritoneal fluid or ascites on peritoneal fluid cytology |
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Stage IIA |
ovary affects the uterus and/or fallopian tube, or the fallopian tube affects the uterus and/or the ovary |
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Stage II |
Primary peritoneal carcinoma is regarded as |
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Stage IIB |
ovary or fallopian tube affects other pelvic organs such as the bladder and the rectal serosa |
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Stage IIIA1 |
positive lymph node involvement |
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Stage IIIA2 |
histologic evidence of malignancy, with normal looking omentum |
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Stage IIIB |
there is mass on the omentum measuring less than or equal to 2 cm |
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Stage IIIC |
there is mass on the omentum measuring more than 2 cm |
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Stage IVA |
involves the chest & lungs |
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Stage IVB |
presence of hepatic parenchyma involvement |
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Epithelial Stomal Tumors |
They are believed to arise from the surface epithelium |
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Serous Tumor |
poor prognosis becuase it is usually high grade |
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Serous Tumor |
cells resemble that of fallopian tube (cuboidal cells) |
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Serous Tumor |
Psammoma bodies |
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Mucinous Tumor |
mass is usually big, enough to greatly distend the abdomen |
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Mucinous Tumor |
Secrete mucin, cells resembles the endocervix ad the GI |
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Mucinous Tumor |
If frozen section diagnosed, do additional appendectomy |
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Psedomyxoma peritonei |
transformation of peritoneal mesothelium to a mucin secreting epithelium |
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Endometrioid Tumor |
consist of epithelial cells resembling those of the endometrium |
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Clear Cell Tumor |
cells resemble that of the endometrium |
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Clear Cell Tumor |
contains hobnail cells, which secrete glycogen |
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Clear Cell Tumor |
molecular evaluation suggests a homology to similar pathology in kidney |
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Brenner Tumor |
cells resemble that transitional cells of the bladder |
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Brenner Tumor |
A solid tumor that may be benign with abundant stroma |
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Brenner Tumor |
Epithelioid cells show "coffee bean" pattern caused by longitudinal grooving of nuclei |
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Brenner Tumor |
These tumors are derived from the germ cells of the ovary |
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Germ Cell Tumor |
composed of extraembryonic elements or may have features that resemble any or all three embryonic layers |
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Mature Cystic Teratoma |
Most common benign ovarian lesion among women |
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Mature Cystic Teratoma |
Contains 3 germ cell layers: teeth, subcutaneous glands, hair |
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Mature Cystic Teratoma |
Commonly floats, and causes torsion of ovary |
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Struma Ovarii |
Same appearance with that of the thyroid follicle |
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Carcinoid Tumor |
Commonly seen in patients with Turnerrrrr's Syyndrome, or gonadal dysgenesis |
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Dysgerminoma |
Most common malignant germ cell tumor |
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Dysgerminoma |
Analogous to the male seminoma |
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Dysgerminoma |
secretes B-hCG |
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Dysgerminoma |
consist of primitive germ cellss with stromaa infiltrated by lymphocytes |
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Yolk Sac Tumor |
2nd most common germ cell tumor |
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Yolk Sac Tumor |
Schiller-Duval Bodies |
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Yolk Sac Tumor |
tumor secretes a-fetoprotein |
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Immature Teratoma |
3rd most common germ cell tumor |
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Immature Teratoma |
neuroepithelium |
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Embryonal Carcinoma |
commonly observed in sexual precocity |
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Embryonal Carcinoma |
secretes B-hCG and a-fetoprotein |
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Embryonal Carcinoma |
Trophoblastic elements may be present |
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Choriocarcinoma |
gives false-positive pregnancy test |
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Choriocarcinoma |
consists of malignant cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblast |
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Sex Cord Stromal Tumor |
derived from the sex cords of the ovary and the specialized stroma of the developing gonad |
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Sex Cord Stromal Tumor |
elements can have male and female differentiation and some are hormonally active |
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Fibroma |
part of Meig's syndrome |
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Meig's syndrome |
Triad: pleural effusion, ascites, fibroma |
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Fibroma |
most common benign solid ovarian tumor, does not secrete hormones |
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Fibroma |
Benign, and excision is adequate treatment |
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Fibroma |
can be responsible for hydrothorax with a benign ascites |
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Thecoma |
benign tumor that consists entirely of stroma cells |
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Thecoma |
associated with estrogen production but ot as frequently as granulosa cell tumors |
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Granulosa-Theca Cell Tumor |
Cal-Exner Bodies |
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Cal-Exner Bodies |
rosette formation of granulosa cells |
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Granulosa-Theca Cell Tumor |
secretes inhibin and anti-Mullerian hormone |
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Granulosa-Theca Cell Tumor |
In postmenopausal women, can produce increased levels of lood estrogens, uterine bleeding, and ocassionally endometrial carcinoma |
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Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor |
occur in young women of reproductive age and frequently are the cause of masculinization and hirsutism |
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Testosterone |
tumor marker for Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor |
