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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
EXCESSIVE , IMPACTED CERUMEN (EAR WAX) -------> earwax softening agents
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1. Carbamie peroxide 6.5% in anhydrous glycerin: ONLY FDA approve agent for cerumen removal.
2. Olive oil: solften earwax and alleviate itching 3. Mineral oil: 4. docusate sodium 5. Hydrogen peroxide 6. Ear candles |
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VERTIGO
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Cause: bestiblar compartent of the inner ear
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TINNITUS
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NO APPROVED TREATMENT BY FDA
Cause: Meniere disease, head injuries, otitis media, syphilis, medications (NSAIDs, aminoglycosides, loop iuretics, and chemotherapeutic agents) |
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EXTERNAL OTITIS
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inflmmation of the external auditory canal/ SWIMMER'S EAR/ Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus.
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Treatment of External Otitis
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1. Ear wick
2. Topical antibiotic: ****neomycin-polymyxin B-hydrocortisone used to be the most commonly prescribed topical antibiotic ****ciprofloxacin 0.3%/dexamethasone 0.1% otic suspension for otitis externa is safe and effective and that dexamethasone improves treatment success. ****ofloxacin is safe in cases of a perforated tympanic membrane. topical antifungal such as 1% clotrimazole 3. Analgesics (Tylenol3, NSAIDs), antipruritics, and antihistamines may be indicated. |
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DENTAL CARIES: bacteria, which sugar is better, otc product
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Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillaceae
Fructose and lactose are less cariogenic than sucrose Noncariogenic sugar: xylitol, sorbitol, aspartame OTC: lidocaine, benzocaine (Anbesol, Orajel), or an analgesi (ASA, APAP) |
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PLAQUE AND CALCULUS?
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Plaque" sticky substance by bacteria/thin, adheres to the enamel within minutes after cleaning a tooth
Calculus (or tartar); substance when plaque is not remove within 24 hours |
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OTC for Plaque and Calculus
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Antiplaque; Triclosan
Anticalculous dentifrices: zinc chloride, zinc citrate, and 33% pyrophosphate Mouthwash: cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, |
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Periodontal disease
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Doxycycline hyclate 20 mg capsule
Doxycycline hyclate 10% |
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Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (trench mouth)
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*local debridement
*penicillin VK or metronidazole *APAP, 1.5% of mouth wash |
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Xerostomia (dry mouth)
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Artificial salive
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Canker sores recurrent aphthous ulcers or recurrent aphthous stomatitis): usually in AIDS patients
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1. Protectants: Orabase, denture adhesives, benzoin tincture.
2. Local anesthetics 3. AMLEXANOX (Aphthasol); approved by FDA for canker sores: QID, after meals an at bedtime |
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local anesthetic
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Benzocain
Butacain Benzyl alcohol Dyclonine Hexylresorcinol Menthol Phenol |
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Amlexanox use?
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QID, after meals and at bedtime
Use at soon as they notice symptoms and to continue until the ulcer is healed, approximately 10 days |
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Gelclair use?
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relief of oral pain by acting as a protective adherent barrier over the surface of the mouth and throat.
(so expensive) |
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OTC local anesthetic for oral use (brand)
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Anbesol, Blistex, CamphorPhenique, Oragel, Zilactin-B (-L), Benzodent, Renbrandt Canker Pain Relief
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se of menthol, phenol, camphor, eugenol
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irritate tissue , so be discouraged
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Cold sores, fever blisters (herpes simplex labialis)
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virus HSV-1 (transmitted by direct contact): burning, itching, numbness, red papules of fluid
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Treatment of Cold sore-OTC
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Docosanol 10% cream (Abreva): prevents infection from entering helthy cells, approved by FDA; five times a day until healed
Viractin gel (2% tetracain), relief pain and itching assosiated with cold sore!!!!!!!!!!!!!! CONTRAINDICATE: CAMPHOR, MENTHOL, PHENOL, SILVER NITRATE, HYDROCORTISONE |
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Can we use Orabase for cold sore?
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yes
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other OTC agents for cold sore?
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sunscreen
local anesthetics softening compound bacitracin or neosporin aointments: for secondary infection essential amino acid L-lysine |
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Cold sore-Rx;
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Valacyclovir: (Valtrex); treatment of herpes labialis
Acylclovir cream 5% (Zovirax): over 12 years old, 5 times a day for 4 days Penciclovir cream 1% (Denavir) over 12 years old, every 2 hour for 4 days |
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Artificial tear
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stimulating tear production and decreasing tear evaporation, initial doing is bid to qid, or may be hourly
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Lubricating ointment for eye
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Petrolatum, Mineral oil, Lanolin: increase contact time with eye for other drug
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Vasoconstrictors (decongestant)
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reduce eye redness
naphazoline, phenylephrine, tetrahydrozoline, oxymetazoline SE: REBOUND EFFECT (CONGESTION) I, AVOIDED IN PATIENTS WITH NARROW ANGLE GLAUCOMA |
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Antihistamine for eye (OTC)
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Only 2: pheniramine and antazoline but only in combination with naphazoline
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Astringents decrease ocular inflammation
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Only 1 by FDA: zinc sulfate
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Dry eye treatment
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artificial tears during day and ointment at night
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Conjunctivitis
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Vasoconstrictor
Antihistamine |
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Corneal edema (halos or star bursts)
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Muro solution or oiltment
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Carbamide peroxide 6.5 % in anhydrous glycerin
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---is the only agent approved by FDA for impacted cerumen
-foaming reaction soften -Murine, Debrox, Dent's Ear wax -12 years or older 5 and 10 drops each ear for several minutes, BID, up to 4 days |
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Water-clogged ear treatment
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The only agents is isopropyl alcohol 95% in anhydrous glycerin, 12 years and older. It is ear drying agent.
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Corneal edema (halos or star bursts)
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Hyperosmotic agent: Muro solution or ointment, to draw the fluid away from the cornea
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Agent aplproved by FDA against painful sensitivity of the teeth caused by cold heat, acids, sweets or contact
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5% potassium nitrate KNO3
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