Otc Lpn A&p Chapter 9 Muscles

Front 1

skeletal muscle

Back 1

Attached to bone. Moves by somaticmotor nerves.

Front 2

voluntary muscle

Back 2

Muscle that can be controlled by choice. Produce movement, maintain body body posture, stabalize joints, produce heat. Limited capacity for regeneration.

Front 3

striated

Back 3

Muscle that appears striped.

Front 4

smooth muscle

Back 4

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle found in walls of viscera, tubes & passageways. Called visceral muscle.

Front 5

involuntary muscle

Back 5

Smooth muscle's automatic function.

Front 6

nonstriated muscle

Back 6

Smooth muscle that is not striped.

Front 7

smooth muscle tone

Back 7

Partial contraction of the smooth muscle; slower & continues for a longer period of time. Helps maintain BP. More stretchy than skeletal muscle, such the bladder.

Front 8

cardiac muscle

Back 8

Only found in heart, pumps blood throughout body.

Front 9

intercalated discs

Back 9

Junctions where tightly fitted, long branching cardiac muscle cells meet.

Front 10

fascia

Back 10

Fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers skeletal muscles.

Front 11

epimysium

Back 11

Outer layer of fascia.

Front 12

perimysium

Back 12

Layer of connective tissue surrounding the fascicles.

Front 13

fascicles

Back 13

Bundles of muscle fibers.

Front 14

endomysium

Back 14

Connective tissue surrounding the fascicles.

Front 15

tendon

Back 15

Strong band of connective tissue that anchors muscle to bone.

Front 16

compartment/crush syndrome

Back 16

Condition in which muscles & nerves are deprived of oxygen & nourishment and die.

Front 17

myoglobin

Back 17

Reddish-brown pigment that stores oxygen in muscle. Example, red meat of steak.

Front 18

heart

Back 18

Muscle that is both striated & involuntary.

Front 19

actin

Back 19

Protein in muscle. Contains binding sites for myosin. Also called thin filaments. Extends from Z lines toward center of sarcomere.

Front 20

muscle hypertrophy

Back 20

Overused muscles that increase in size. Athletes have them. Cardiac hypertrophy isn't good.

Front 21

orbicularis oris

Back 21

Muscle allowing the pursing of lips. Also called the kissing muscle.

Front 22

hamstring muscles

Back 22

Biceps femoris, semitendinosus & semimembranosus.

Front 23

quadricep muscles

Back 23

Vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis & rectus femoris.

Front 24

frontalis

Back 24

Muscle that makes up the forehead & raises the eyebrows.

Front 25

orbicularis oculi

Back 25

Sphincter muscle that raises the eyelids.

Front 26

zygomaticus

Back 26

Cheekbone muscle; called the smiling muscle.

Front 27

intercostal muscles

Back 27

Located between the ribs; raise & lower rib cage during breathing.

Front 28

rotator cuff muscles

Back 28

Supraspinatus, subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor; located on the humerus (insertion) & scapula (origin).

Front 29

brachialis

Back 29

Flexes forearm at elbow with brachioradialis. Origin on humerus, inserts on ulna.

Front 30

brachioradialis

Back 30

Flexes forearm at elbow with brachialis. Origin on humerus, inserts on radius.

Front 31

deltoid

Back 31

Forms the shoulder pad; muscle raises the arms the arm to "scarecrow" position.

Front 32

gastrocnemius

Back 32

Plantar flexion of foot. Toe dancer muscle with soleus. Flexes leg at knee. Origin on femur, inserts on calcaneus (heel bone) by way of Achilles tendon.

Front 33

soleus

Back 33

Plantar flexion of foot. Toe dancer muscle with gastrocnemius. Origin on fibula & tibia, inserts on calcaneus (heel bone)/

Front 34

tendon

Back 34

Cord like connective tissue band that attaches muscle to bone.

Front 35

sarcomere

Back 35

Contractile unit of a muscle extending from Z line to Z line; contains contractile proteins, actin & myosin. Slides like a trombone.

Front 36

disuse atrophy

Back 36

Wasting away of muscles. Use it or lose it.

Front 37

pectoralis

Back 37

Large broad muscle that helps form the anterior chest wall. Adducts & rotates the arm medially at shoulder joint and flexes & extends arm at shoulder.

Front 38

trapezius

Back 38

Large flat triangular muscle on back of neck & upper back. Origin on occipital bone & C7 and all thoracic vertebrae, inserts on clavicle and scapula. When contracted, causes you to look up at the sky. Also causes shrugging & medial rotation of shoulders.

Front 39

diaphragm

Back 39

Chief muscle of inhalation.

Front 40

buccinator

Back 40

Trumpeter's muscle. Flattens cheek, whistling muscle. Helps with chewing by positioning food between teeth.

Front 41

skeletal muscle

Back 41

Type of muscle classified as striated and voluntary & must be stimulated by a somatic motor nerve.

Front 42

aponeurosis

Back 42

Broad, flat, sheet like fascia that attaches muscle to muscle or muscle to bone.

Front 43

myosin

Back 43

Muscle protein that interacts with actin to cause muscle contraction; also called the thick filament. Forms cross bridges with thin filaments.

Front 44

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Back 44

Calcium stored within this muscle structure.

Front 45

insertion

Back 45

The muscle attachment to the moveable bone.

Front 46

synergist

Back 46

A helper muscle.

Front 47

origin

Back 47

Part of the muscle attached to the more immovable structure.

Front 48

quadriceps femoris

Back 48

Muscle that lies along the anterior thigh; flexes the thigh at the hip and extends the leg.

Front 49

masseter

Back 49

Muscle of mastication.

Front 50

latissimus dorsi

Back 50

Swimmer's muscle.

Front 51

sarcolemma

Back 51

Another name for cell membrane.

Front 52

T tubules (transverse tubules)

Back 52

An extension of the sarcolemma that penetrates into the interior of the muscle.