Otc Bio 100 Unit 3

Front 1

The following molecule
is best described as a ______. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2

Back 1

hydrocarbon, containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms

Front 2

-COOH is an example of _______.

Back 2

carboxyl group

Front 3

Given the reaction:
galactose + glucose → lactose + water, galactose is a ______.

Back 3

monomer

Front 4

Why is plant matter a good source of fiber?

Back 4

cellulose remains undigested all the way thru the digestive tract

Front 5

The function of a protein is dependent on its ______.

Back 5

shape

Front 6

The linear sequence of monomers in a polypeptide chain is referred to as its ______ structure.

Back 6

primary

Front 7

Proteins are polymers constructed from ______ monomers.

Back 7

amino acid

Front 8

What are saturated fats saturated with?

Back 8

hydrogen

Front 9

Nucleic acids are polymers of ______ monomers.

Back 9

nucleotide

Front 10

If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence AGTACTG, what will be the sequence of the other strand?

Back 10

TCATGAC

Front 11

What nitrogenous base replaces thymine in RNA?

Back 11

uracil

Front 12

A ______ is an example of a unicellular organism.

Back 12

bacteria (Monera), some protists

Front 13

What theory states that all living things are composed of cells?

Back 13

cell theory

Front 14

The two basic types of cells are ______ and ______.

Back 14

prokaryotic and eukarotic

Front 15

Prokaryotic cells lack a ________.

Back 15

nucleus

Front 16

What organelle allows material to enter and exit the cell?

Back 16

cell membrane

Front 17

Which organelle is considered as the powerhouse of the cell and converts your food into energy?

Back 17

mitochondria

Front 18

Organelles are suspended within the gelatin-like material called ______.

Back 18

cytosol

Front 19

Proteins synthesis occurs
in which organelle?

Back 19

ribosome

Front 20

In which organelle are sunlight, water, and CO2 converted into sugar, O2, and water vapor?

Back 20

chloroplast

Front 21

What name is given to the region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane?

Back 21

cytoplasm

Front 22

Which organelle is used for storage in the cell?

Back 22

vacuole

Front 23

What name is given to the organelle that manufactures the components of ribosomes?

Back 23

nucleolus

Front 24

Lysosomes are known for what function?

Back 24

digestion of large molecules

Front 25

A protist that contains contractile vacuoles probably lives in what type of environment?

Back 25

fresh water

Front 26

What is the term for “the capacity to do work?”

Back 26

energy

Front 27

Running is an example of ________ energy.

Back 27

kinetic

Front 28

A skateboarder at the top of a ramp is an example of _______ energy.

Back 28

potential

Front 29

The principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed in known as ______.

Back 29

Conservation of Energy

Front 30

What is the term for a measure of disorder?

Back 30

entropy

Front 31

Humans and other organisms that have mitochondria, convert approximately _____% of the energy stored in food to energy stored in ATP.

Back 31

40

Front 32

Five kilocalories are equivalent to ______ calories.

Back 32

5,000

Front 33

What compound directly provides energy for cellular work?

Back 33

ATP

Front 34

Energy is transferred from ATP to other molecules by transferring a(n) ______.

Back 34

phosphate

Front 35

An enzyme's function is dependent on its ______.

Back 35

shape

Front 36

Diffusion is an example of ______.

Back 36

passive transport

Front 37

An organism that has the same solute concentration
as the environment it is
in would be a(an) __________ solution.

Back 37

isotonic

Front 38

______ is to eating as ______ is to drinking.

Back 38

Phagocytosis pinocytosis

Front 39

Is it passive or active transport when oxygen crosses the plasma membrane?

Back 39

passive

Front 40

Which process can move a solute against its concentration gradient?

Back 40

active transport

Front 41

The ultimate source of the energy in food is ______.

Back 41

sunlight

Front 42

Aerobic means with _______.

Back 42

oxygen

Front 43

What is the formula for aerobic cellular respiration?

Back 43

6O2 + C6H12O6-> 6H2O + 6CO2

Front 44

All chemical processes that occur within cells is called ______________.

Back 44

metabolism

Front 45

Glycolysis occurs in the _______ of the cell.

Back 45

cytosol/cytoplasm

Front 46

In which organelle does the Kreb’s Cycle take place?

Back 46

mitochondria

Front 47

The complete anaerobic respiration of one glucose molecule produces a net gain of ____ ATP molecules.

Back 47

2

Front 48

The second stage of aerobic respiration is ______.

Back 48

the Kreb's Cycle

Front 49

What does cutting down trees do to the CO2 levels in the atmosphere?

Back 49

increases them

Front 50

Name an autotroph.

Back 50

any plant or photosynthetic protist

Front 51

What plant structure is responsible for gas exchange?

Back 51

stomata

Front 52

Plant cells that contain the organelle responsible for photosynthesis are concentrated in cells of the ______.

Back 52

mesopyhll

Front 53

Through what structure do plants receive most of their water?

Back 53

roots

Front 54

What name is given to the membranous sacs found within a chloroplast?

Back 54

thylakoids

Front 55

The wavelength of white light appears LEAST useful to photosynthesis?

Back 55

green

Front 56

What is responsible for the yellow-orange coloration of leaves in the fall?

Back 56

carotenoids

Front 57

What name is given to a discrete packet of light?

Back 57

photon

Front 58

The shorter the wavelength of visible light, the ______ the energy.

Back 58

greater

Front 59

Which type of plant keeps their stomata closed most of the time?

Back 59

C4