Ot Term

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OT Terminologies

Occupational Therapy- is the art and science of helping people do the day-to-day activities that are important and meaningful to their health and well being through engagement in valued occupations.

Occupation- includes the complex network of day to day activities that enable people to sustain their health, to meet their needs, to contribute to thelife of their family, and to participate in the broader society.

Activity- meaningful and goal-directed but not of central importance in the life of the individual.

Occupation- based activity-client-directed occupations that match identified goals

Purposeful activity- client engages in specifically selected activities that allow the client to develop skills that enhance occupational engagement.

Preparatory activity-methods and techniques that prepare the client for occupational performance.

Activity analysis-analysis of how an activity is perceived to be typically done in the relevant culture, identifying typical demnads and performance skills for an activity.

Activity synthesis- combining of different components into one activity.

Activity Adoptabon-focuses on changing the demands of the occupation sonthey are congruent with the person's ability level.

Activity Grading- involves sequentially increasing the demands to simulate the person's function or conversely, reducing the occupational demands to respond to client difficulties in performance.

Scaffolding- is a term used when the practitioner helps the client by doing parts of the task that are too hard , but then has the client do the rest, so that a task maybe completed. Fading- systematically withdrawing support so that the task demands increase until the person is doing the whole task independently. Coaching- involves providing verbal expectations and support design to help the individual engaged in and sustain growth changes. Collaboration- process through which practitioners and client discuss client priorities, set goals, make decisions about intervention options and work together in mutual effort and partnership toward goals.Therapeutic Use of Self- a practitioner's planned use of his or her personality, insights, perceptions and judgment as part of the therapeutic process. Therapeutic Use of Activity- occupations and activities selected for specific clients that meet therapeutic goals. Impairment- any loss, diminution aberration of psychological , physiological , or anatomical structure of function. Disability- shall mean (1) a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more psychological, physiological or anatomical function of an individual or activities of such individual; (2) a record of such an impairment; (3) being regarded as having such an impairment .Handicap- refers to a disadvantage for a given individual resulting from an impairment or a disability, that limits or prevents the functions or activity, that is considered normal given the age and sex of the individual.

Client-centered practice- focus on the client as an active agent seeking to accomplish important day activities .-to enhance his/her life in ways that are most meaningful to the person. - practitioner and client collaboratively engage in the therapeutic process. -process is narrative in nature. Occupation -centered practice-focuses on meaningful occupation selected by clients and performed in their typical settings. - both means and ends of therapy involve intervention grounded in the occupations of the client. - involves a systematic assessment of client's occupations and priorities coupled with analysis of person's capacities, task's demands, and performance context. Evidence -based practice-integrating research evidence into the clinical reasoning process to explain the rationale behind interventions and probable outcomes.

Uniform Terminology for Occupational Therapy 3rd EditionSensory Motor Componetns

1. Sensory

a. Awareness- receive and differentiate sensory stimuli

b. Sensory Processing-interpret sensory stimuli

i. Tactile- interpretingight touch, pressure, temperature, pain, and vibration through skin contact receptors

ii. Proprioceptive-interpreting stimuli originating in muscles, joints and other internal tissues that give information about the position of one body part in relation to another.

iii. Vestibular-interpreting stimuli from the inner ear receptors regarding head position and movement.

iv. Visual-interpreting stimuli through the eyes, including peripheral vision and acuity, and awareness of color and pattern.

v. Auditory- interpreting and localizing sounds, and descriminating background sounds.

vi. Gustatory- interpreting tastes viiOffactory-interpreting odorsc. Perceptional Skills- organizing sensory input info meaningful patterns

i. Stereognosis- identify objexts through the sense of touch

ii. Kinesthesia- identify the excursion and direction of joint movement

iii. Pain Response- interpreting noxious stimuli

iv. Body Schemo- acquire an internal awareness of the body and the relationship of body parts to each other

v. Right- Left Discrimination- differentiate one side of the body from the other

vi. Form Constancy- recognize objects as the same in various environments, positions and sizes

vii. Position in space- determine the special relationship of figures and objects to self or other forms and objects

viii. Spatial Relations- determining the position of objects relative to each other

ix. Visual Closure- identify forms or objects from incomplete presentations

x. Figure- Ground- differentiate between foreground and bakground forms and objects

xi. Depth Perception- determine the relative distance between objects, figires, or landmarks and the observer.

xii. Topographical Orientation- determine the location of objects and settings and the route to the location.

2. Neuromuscular

a. reflex- present an involuntary muscle response elicited by sensory input

b. Range of motion- move body parts through an arc

c. Muscle Tone- demonstrate a degree of muscle power when movement is resisted as with weight or gravity

d. Strength- demonstrating a degree of muscle power when movement is resisted, as with objects gravity

e. Endurance- sustain cardiac., pulmonary and musculoskeletal exertion overtime

f. Postural Control- using righting or equilibrium adjustments to maintain balance during functional movements g. Postural Alignment- maintaining biomechanical integrity among body parts

h. Soft Tissue Integrity- maintain anatomical and physiological condition or interstitial tissue and skin

3.Motor

a. Gross Motor Coordination- use larger muscle groups for controlled movements

b. Crossing the Midline- move limbs and eyes across the sagittal plane of the body

c. Laterality-use a preferred inilateral body part for activities requiring a high level of skill

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