Ot Exam 1 Ch 2

Front 1

Via Maris

Back 1

Main highway of the fertile crescent

Front 2

Sumerians

Back 2

from 4000 BC- very advanced people
Invented writing- Cuneiform
Invented the Cylinder Seal
Invented Mathematics (on a base 6 system)

Front 3

Akkadians

Back 3

overpowered Sumerians @ 2360 BC
Sargon the Great- "1st World Empire"

Front 4

4 rivers flowing into Eden

Back 4

Pishon (has been found), Gihon (location still not sure), Tigris (known), Euphrates (known)

Front 5

Sargon

Back 5

Sargon the Great- Akkadians Ruler- first world empire

Front 6

Menes

Back 6

United the country of Egypt @ 3000 BC

Front 7

Pyramids

Back 7

Built @ 2700 BC

Front 8

Hyksos

Back 8

People who conquered Egypt (1700 to 1550 BC)- Same race as the Hebrews- this might explain Joseph's rise to power in Egypt- Brought with them: Horse and Chariot/ Improved Armor/ Revetments- Terre Pisee (Dry Moat around edge of City Wall)/ Probably helped impede getting a battering ram up to the wall/ Composite Bow

Front 9

Phoenicia

Back 9

From the word for "purple". Original inhabitants of Canaan, named for the crimson color of a textile dye developed in Canaan.

Front 10

Palestine

Back 10

from "Philistine"

Front 11

Shephelah

Back 11

Low Lands, Foot hills

Front 12

Negev

Back 12

Dry land, South desert

Front 13

Ghor

Back 13

The rift valley (lowest spot on earth) 4,000 miles long

Front 14

Beni Hassan

Back 14

Tomb paintings- 37 Semites travel to Egypt

Front 15

Fertile Crescent

Back 15

Geographically, identified as the world of the patriarchs. Stretching north from the Persian Gulf along the Tigris and Euphrates basin and then southward through Canaan to the fertile Nile Valley

Front 16

Canaan

Back 16

The land lying between Gaza in the South and Hamath in the north along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean. Served as a natural bridge between Egypt and Mesopotamia

Front 17

Nuzi Tablets

Back 17

They possibly shed light on many of the customs that are documented in the Scriptures that may appear to us as being unusual- In the case of a childless couple, the wife could locate another wife for the husband- Sarah provided Hagar for Abraham

Front 18

Mari Tablets

Back 18

Gave information about the kingdom of Mari, a kingdom that existed before and during the lives of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The tablets describe the customs of the Mari kingdom, as well as giving names of people who lived during that time.

Front 19

Wadi

Back 19

Is traditionally a valley. In some cases it can refer to a dry riverbed that contains water only during times of heavy rain.

Front 20

Ebla Tablets

Back 20

One contribution is in relation to Genesis 14. Critics have have described the victory of Abraham over Chedorlaomer and the Mesopotamian kings as fictitious and the five Cities of the Plain (Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim and Zoar) as legendary.

The Ebla archives, however, refer to all five Cities of the Plain and on one tablet the cities are listed in the exact same sequence as Genesis 14. The tablets further reflect that the region was prosperous and successful with a patriarchal culture consistent with that recorded in Genesis prior to the catastrophe recorded in Genesis 14.

Front 21

Melchizedek

Back 21

GENESIS 14:18 Then Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine; he was the priest of God Most High. 19 And he blessed him and said: "Blessed be Abram of God Most High, possessor of heaven and earth; 20 and blessed be God Most High, who has delivered your enemies into your hand." And he gave him a tithe of all. (NKJV)

After Abraham's victory over the four kings (led by Chedorlaomer) who had besieged Sodom and Gomorrah and had taken Abraham's nephew Lot prisoner.

Front 22

Terah

Back 22

Father of Abraham

Front 23

Nanna

Back 23

Sumerian god of the moon- Abraham worshiped

Front 24

Abraham

Back 24

ABRAHAM ESTABLISHED IN CANAAN: transition from haran to Shechem, Bethel, and the South Country, sojurn in egypt, seperation of abraham and lot, the land promised, lot rescued, abraham blessed by melchizedek
ABRAHAM AWAITS THE PROMISED SON: the son promised, the birth of ishmael, the promise renewed- the covenant and its sign, abraham the intercessor- lot rescued, abraham delivered from abimelech, isaac born- ishmael expelled, abraham dwells at beersheba, the covenant confirmed in obedience
ABRAHAM PROVIDES FOR POSTERITY: abraham acquires a burial plot, the bride for the promised son, isaac designated as heir- death of abraham

Front 25

Sarah

Back 25

Abraham's Wife
Isaac's Mother

Front 26

Ilku

Back 26

Was involved with Abraham's buying of a burial place for Sarah from Ephron

Front 27

Eliezer

Back 27

Abraham's head servant

Front 28

Lot

Back 28

Abraham's nephew

Front 29

Hagar

Back 29

Sarah's head servant, given to Abraham to bear child- has Ishmael

Front 30

Ishmael

Back 30

Son of Hagar and Abraham

Front 31

Isaac

Back 31

Miracle son of Abraham and Sarah- designated as heir, marries rebekah, has twins Jacob and Esau, covenant confirmed to Isaac, troubles with abimelech, God's blessing on Issac, favored Esau, blessing stolen

Front 32

Rebekah

Back 32

Isaac's wife, favored Jacob

Front 33

Jacob

Back 33

Youngest of twins born to Isaac and Rebekah, stole birthright, married Leah and Rachel after working 14 yrs total for Laban, after 6 more years, fled to canaan, laban chased down, had boundaries made

Front 34

Laban

Back 34

Jacobs Uncle- made Jacob work 7 yrs for his daughter Rachel, then tricked him and married him to Leah, so he had to work another 7 years for Rachel- chased Jacob down when they fled back to canaan- made boundary

Front 35

Rachel

Back 35

Wife of Jacob, Mother of Joseph and Benjamin

Front 36

Mohar

Back 36

Currency of Nepal- Jacob worked for Rachel for 7 years: no mohar

Front 37

Leah

Back 37

Laban's oldest daughter, Married to Jacob (trick), mother of the first 10 sons

Front 38

Esau

Back 38

Oldest twin- son of Rebekah and Isaac- brother to Jacob- sold birthright for soup, and got tricked out of blessing- hated Jacob and plotted to kill him- after Jacob returned from Laban's, they reconciled

Front 39

Ur

Back 39

Birthplace of patriarch Abraham- site marked by ziggurat- temple to Nanna (moon god)

Front 40

Hittites/ "Children of Heth"

Back 40

The Hittites (also Hethites) and Children of Heth, are the second of the eleven Canaanite nations in the Hebrew Bible. They are purportedly descended from one Heth (Hebrew: חֵת, Standard Ḥet Tiberian Ḥēṯ), a son of Canaan, son of Ham, and they are mentioned in Genesis as having sold land to Abraham (for Sarah's burial tomb)

Front 41

Ephron

Back 41

Hittite who sold cave/field to Abraham for Sarah's tomb

Front 42

Primogeniture

Back 42

The common law right of the first born son to inherit the entire estate, to the exclusion of younger siblings. It is the tradition of inheritance by the first-born of the entirety of a parent's wealth, estate or office; or in the absence of children, by collateral relatives, in order of seniority of the collateral line

Front 43

Macphelah

Back 43

His cave is what Abraham bought from Ephron the Hittite to be Sarah's Tomb

Front 44

Teraphim

Back 44

Hebrew word translated to mean disgraceful things, idols, household gods (Rachel took Laban's teraphim- could actually be deeds to property)

Front 45

Levirate custom

Back 45

Levirate "marriage" is the custom whereby, if childless, the brother (or other male relative) of a deceased man is required to marry or father a child with the deceased's wife. A son begotten by the brother is then considered son and heir of the deceased. Otherwise, as a widow, the wife would return to her father's family.

Front 46

Sinhue

Back 46

Ancient work of Egyptian literature that almost exactly copies the story of Moses (named Sinhue)