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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the Radiocarpal Joint
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formed by the radius, triangular fibrocartilage proximally and by the scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum distally
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Describe the Triangular Fibrocartilage
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Participates both as a part of the distal radioulnar joint and as part of the radiocarpal joint. Transfers some of the compressive load from the radius to the ulna.
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Describe the Midcarpal Joint
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articulation between the scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum proximally and the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate distally (distal carpal row)
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Describe the Wrist Complex as a whole
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biaxial, with motions of flexion and extension and radial/ulnar deviation. One could argue that it has 3 degrees of motion since the wrist can circumduct or otherwise move within the transverse plane
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What do the Intercarpal Ligaments do?
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bind the carpals together
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Where is the Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament located?
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passes from the radial styloid process to the lunate and triquetrum - it is the only major dorsal ligament
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The Volar Radiocarpal Ligament consists of how many smaller ligaments?
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3 smaller ligaments
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Where is the Ulnar Collateral Ligament?
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runs from the ulna to the pisiform and triquetrum
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Where is the Radial Collateral Ligament
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runs from the radius to the scaphoid, trapezium, and 1st metacarpal
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What is the role of the Extrinsic Muscles of the Wrist Complex?
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provide stable base for the hand, while permitting positional adjustments taht allow for optimal length-tension in the long finger muscles
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What are CMC joints?
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articulations between the distal carpal row and metacarpals
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What is the function of the CMC joints?
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contributes to the hollowing of the palm; the palmar arches allow the hand and fingers to conform optimally to the shape of the object being held
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What is the carpal arch?
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the concavity of the palm even with the hand open; the arch is created by the curved shape of the carpals as well as the ligaments
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What is the Carpal Tunnel?
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carpal arch and flexor retinaculum together; provides pathway and protection of 8 extrinsic muscles and median nerve
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The Proximal Transverse Arch is where?
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over the carpal bones
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The Distal Transverse Arch is where?
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metacarpal heads
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The Longitudinal Arch is where?
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through capitate and 3rd metacarpal
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What are the 4 MCP joints of the fingers composed of?
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the convex metacarpal head proximally and the concave base of the proximal phalanx distally
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What is the Ulnar Bursa?
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all 8 tendons of FDS and FDP are invested within this common bursa; prevents friction of tendon on tendon and tendon on bone and also provides nourishment
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Are the FDS and FDP extrinsic or intrinsic flexors muscles of the hand?
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Extrinsic
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What do Tendon Sheaths contain?
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synovial-like fluid; also envelope FDS, FDP, and FPL to prevent friction of FDS/FDP and FPL on annular pulleys
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What are Junctae Tendinum (JT)?
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Intertendinous connections of all ED tendons over dorsal hand that impairs independent extension of the fingers; also keep the ED in place over the MCP so the tendon does not sublex
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How many Palmar interossei are there?
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3
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How many Dorsal interossei are there?
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4
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How many lumbricals are there?
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4
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What are the four thenar muscles?
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OP
APB FPB ADP |
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What are the hypothenar muscles?
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ADM
FDM ODM |
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What are examples of a Power Grip?
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cylindrical, spherical, hook and lateral prehension
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What are examples of Precision Handling/Fine Motor Coordination?
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Pad to Pad, Tip to Tip, Tripod/Palmar and Pad to Side prehension
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What is the functional position of the wrist and hand?
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- wrist extended to 20 degrees
- ulnar deviation to 10 degrees - fingers moderately flexed at MCPs (45 degrees) and slightly flexed at the PIP and DIPs (30 degrees) - thumb in opposition or palmar abduction |
