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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Polar substance
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A substance that has associated with it either full or partial charges.
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Nonpolar molecule
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A molecule or portion of a molecule that possesses neither partial nor full charges.
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Lipid bilayer
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The selectively permeable, multimolecular structures that make up cell membranes.
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Transport proteins
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Proteins found within lipid bilayers that facilitate the movement of substances across those membranes.
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Up a concentration gradient
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Movement from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
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Down a concentration gradient
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Movement from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
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Passive diffusion
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Movement of substances across lipid bilayers without protein facilitation.
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Facilitated diffusion
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Movement of a substance across a lipid bilayer with protein facilitation and solely with a substance's concentration gradient.
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Osmosis
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Movement of water across membranes with its concentration gradient.
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Active Transport
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Movement of substances across lipid bilayers at the expense of energy.
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ATP
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The primary energy-carrier molecule found in cells.
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ADP
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The product of ATP hydrolysis.
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Light reaction of photosynthesis
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The conversion of the energy of photons into chemical energy.
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Dark reaction of photosynthesis
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The conversion of the products of the light reactions of photosynthesis into longer-term energy stores.
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Of the 'TOTAL BODY WATER', what percentage represents 'INTRACELLULAR FLUID' (ICF)?
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67%
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Proton motive force
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A proton concentration gradient across a membrane that is used to generate ATP.
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Glycolysis
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An anaerobic process that splits sugars and is used by cells to generate ATP.
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Fermentation
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An anaerobic means by which cells can regenerate NAD+.
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Cellular respiration
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The non-photosynthetic use of an electron transport chain to generate ATP.
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Mitochondria
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The site of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells.
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Carbon Dioxide
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The key waste product produced in the course of cellular respiration.
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Final electron acceptor
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The substance that accepts electrons from electron transport chains during cellular respiration.
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