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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Endochondral ossification |
"Within cartilage". Begins with hyaline cartilage and produces most of the bones of the skeleton. Takes place in 6 steps. |
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Intramembranous ossification |
"Bone growth within a membrane". Involves bone growth via mesenchyme and produces flat bones of the skull and some facial bones and clavicle. |
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Mesenchyme |
Loosely organized embryonic connective tissue that forms all other types of connective tissue |
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Periosteum |
A condensed mesenchyme membrane that lines the outer surface of all bones |
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Endosteum |
Lines the inner surface of the medullary cavity of all long bones. |
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Interstitial growth |
Bone growth in length. Happens at epiphyseal plates |
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Appositional growth |
Bone growth in diameter. Occurs within periosteum. |
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Osteocytes, what are they |
Cells that help maintain bone |
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Zone 1 Resting Cartilage |
Farthest from medullary cavity, nearest to epiphysis. Secures the epiphysis to the epiphyseal plate and contains small chondrocytes in the cartilage matrix. |
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Zone 2 Proliferating Cartilage |
Chondrocytes undergo rapid mitotic cell division, enlarge, and align their lacunae into longitudinal columns (parallel to the diaphysis) that look like a stack of coins. |
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Zone 3 Hypertrophic Cartilage |
Chondrocytes stop dividing and hypertrophy (enlarge). Walls of lacunae become thin as the chondrocytes resorb matrix. |
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Zone 4 Calcified cartilage |
2-3 layers of chondrocytes. Minerals are deposited in the matrix between columns of lacunae and destroy the chondrocytes, making the matrix appear foggy |
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Zone 5 Ossification |
Walls break down between columns of lacunae, forming longitudinal channels. The channels are invaded by capillaries and stem cells from the medullary cavity and the stem cells then develop into osteoblasts. The osteoblasts will deposit new bone matrix onto the calcified cartilage matrix. |
