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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Give examples of agents that increase glomerular filtration rate
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Xanthines (caffeine, theophylline)
Digitalis Dopamine (increases RBF?) Plasma volume expanders |
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What are the most common osmotic diuretics?
GUM |
Glycerol , Mannitol and Urea
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Primary site of action of the osmotic diuretics
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The entire tubule
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Characteristics of the non-osmotic diuretics
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1. non-electrolyte agents
2. undergo free glomerular filtration 3. are not reabsorbed 4. pharmacologially inert 5. usually resistant to metabolic alteration |
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In what conditions do non-osmotic diuretics lose their efficacy and why?
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In cases of renal ischemia resulting from nephrotoxic agents with damage to the tubular epithelium, in nephrotic syndrome, osmotic diuretics become reabsorbable.
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The most important PROPHYLACTIC indication of mannitol
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acute renal failure (when GFR is severely reduced)
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Major uses of mannitol
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Brain trauma
Brain surgery Hydrocephalus Reduction of pressure and volume of CSF by increasing the osmolality of plasma and thus enhancing the diffusion of water from CSF to plasma. |
