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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is highly polar and as a result has poor absorption from GI tract and renal tubles
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Mannitol
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What is urea used to tx
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otitis media, mucolytic agent, decrease in intraocular pressure, decrease in cerebral edema, promotes urinary excretion of toxic substances, managemnt of sickle-cell, prx renal failure
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What will decompose upon heat/acid/basic media
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urea
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What does ethacrynic acid do?
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it inhibits luminal K+/Na+ system
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what are the metabolsim properties of ethacrynic acid?
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alkylating self hydrol group, if reduced still an active molecule
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What do K+sparing diuretics do?
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They promote urinary excretion of Mg ions, inactive when aromatic hydroxylation, primary amines at 2,4,7 and electron withdrawaing group at 6
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What are characteristics of the sulfonamide analogs and what do they include?
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take out N and add an e withdrawing group easier to form a salt, and also include oral hypoglycemia
They include CA inhibitors, thiazide diuretics |
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Acetazolamide
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Absorbed well from GI tract
and very little metabolism |
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What are the two amphoteric drugs?
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Darzolamide and Brizolemide
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Splitting of what generates a what?
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splitting of triamterene generates an amiloride
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what are the characteristics of Amiloride?
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no excretion of Mg ions, replaced with CL for better absorption, 5-NH causes an increase in NA and CL excretion and 6-CL for K sparing
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What are the characteristics of Thiazide
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sulfamido group at pos 7
e withdrawing group at R3 reduction of 3-4 bond Lipophilic group at R1/R2 |
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What do the benzoic acid group include?
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Furosemide and bumetanide
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What is Furosemide
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an anthranillic acid derivative
metabolism can generate an inactive metabolite |
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what is an important characteristic of bumetanide
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if you shift amine from pos 2 to 3 you will increase the potency of the loop diuretic by 50 times
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What does the Benzamide diuretics include?
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Indamamide and Chlorothalidone
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What is a characteristic of the indampamide/benzamide
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greater lipophilicity than thiazides
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what is a characterisitic in terms of metabolism for the benzamide?
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omega 1 carbon hydroxylation
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