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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Acute
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having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course
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Analgelsic
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substance to reduce pain
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ankylosis
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stiffness or fixation of a joint by diseare or surgery
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anti-biotics
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substance to kill or wound micro-organizms
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anti-inflammatories
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medication which given by injection or pill reduces the components of inflammation
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antipyretic
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a substance to reduce fever
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arthrofibrosis
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intra articular scarring leading to impaired motion or function
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arthroplasty
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to modify a joint by mocrofuacture or resurfacing
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arthroscopic debridement
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to clean out the joint, usually the knee
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arthroscopy
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joint examination with a fibroptic endoscope placed into the joint
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atrophy
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loss of muscle fiber cross-sectional area
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autograft
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same individual's tissue
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allograft
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donor tissue from same species
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avulsion fracture
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a ligament or tendinous attachment is pulled off with a peice of bone because the attachment was stronger than the base
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Baker's cyst
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localized fluid accumulation in the posterior fossa of the knee
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Bankart lesion
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bony on soft tissue avulsion associated with anterior shoulder instability
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bankart procedure
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eponym for anterior capsular repair of IGHL for anterior shoulder instability. Axillary nerve at risk
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Bone-callus
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Immature healing bone
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BPTB
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bone patellar tendon bone - tissue used as reconstruction by ACL
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Bristow procedure
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eponym using conjoined tendon transfer (reconstruction) for anterior shoulder instability. Musculocutaneous nerve at risk
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Bursa
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protective synovial sac serving as a cushion for prominences throughout the body
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carcinoma
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cancer of epithelia origin
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cellulitis
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diffuse and especially subcutaneous inflammation of connective tissue
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chondromalacia
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soft cartilage. a condition without reference to etiology
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chondroplasty
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reair cartilage
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chronic
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marked by long duration, by frequent recurrence over a long time and often by slowly progerssing seriousness
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closed fracture
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bone is broken, skin intact
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comminuted fracture
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bone broken into more than 2 fragents
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compound fracture
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bone broke, skin open
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contusion
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bruise
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diaphysis
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shaft or middle part of a cylindrical bone.
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Discoid Meniscus
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congenital variation of the normal semilunar cushion cartilage, in which the meniscus is a disc like shape
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Dislocation
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complete displacement of one or more bones at a joint
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Ectomy –
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to cut out e.g. menisectomy, synovectomy
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Edema –
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fluid “loose” in the tissue which has escaped from the vascular or lymphatic spaces causing local or generalized swelling
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Epiphysis –
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the end of a growing bone
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Etiology –
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the cause of a pathologic process
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Fracture –
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any break in the continuity of a bone
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Firbrocartilage –
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normally found in the nose and ear; “scar” repair cartilage in the joint
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Greenstick fracture –
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incomplete fracture that passes only partially through the shaft of a bone in a child a bone fracture in a young individual in which the bone is partly broken and partly bent
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Growth plates –
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sites where bones grow longer and wider and are weaker than ligaments in a growing athlete
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Hernia –
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protrusion of a loop of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening
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Heterotopic bone –
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the formation of new bone in an abnormal location, often as a result of trauma or surgery
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Hill-Sachs Lesion –
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posterior humeral head compression fracture associated with anterior shoulder instability
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HAGL –
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humeral avulsion of glenoid ligament –
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Iatrogenic-
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induced artificially by medical treatment
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Idiopathic-
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arising from unknown cause
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Instability-
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symptomatic joint ROM; pathological
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Itis –
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suffix added to indicate inflammation. Pain (dolar), heat (calor), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor). E.g. tendonitis, bursitis, synovitis
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Jones fracture –
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5th metatarsal fracture of the diaphysis often requiring surgical treatment
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Joint replacement –
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a resurfacing of the articular surface
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Laxity-
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amount of ROM in a joint; non-pathological
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Ligament –
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a collagenous structure that attaches bone to bone. When injured, often associated with a pop, pain and swelling
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Mal union –
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improper bone healing
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Metaphysis –
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a portion of a long bone in the wide portion of an extremity that in children contains the growth plates
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Monteggia fracture -
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a fracture in the proximal part of the ulna with dislocation of the head of the radius
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Mumford –
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an eponym for distal clavicle excision
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“Neutraceuticals” –
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natural substances to help chondrocytes form and heal joint surfaces e.g. glucosamine, condroitin sulfate
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Non union –
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bone failing to heal
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Osis –
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a condition of; implies no inflammation e.g. arthrosis
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Osteoclasis –
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a gradual stretching of bone after it has been fractured
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Osteomyelitis –
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bone infection
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Osteopenia –
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x-ray characteristics of reduced bone density
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Osteoporosis –
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a pathologic diagnosis of reduced bone quality
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Osteotomy –
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the internal shifting of bone by breaking the bone a surgical operation in which a bone is divided or a piece of bone is excised (as to correct a deformity)
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Otomy –
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to surgically break a bone e.g. osteotomy
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Plasty –
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to form
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Resect –
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to remove e.g. meniscus, distal clavicle
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Repair –
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to reattach; implies nutrition source and most times blood supply exception – cartilage e.g. Bankart repair for shoulder ligaments
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Reconstruct –
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to replace a structure with something else. E.g. BPTB for ACL
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Sarcoma –
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cancer of connective tissue origin e.g. osteosarcoma; lymphoma
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Septic –
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infectious
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Sprain –
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injury to a ligament
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Strain –
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injury to muscle or tendon e.g. hamstring or quad tendon
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Stress fracture –
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bone discontinuity from overuse as a result of inadequate healing between insults
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Subluxation -
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partial dislocation (as of one of the bones in a joint)
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Synovium
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(aka synovial membrane) –the dense connective-tissue membrane that secretes synovial fluid and that lines the ligamentous surfaces of articular capsules, tendon sheaths where free movement is necessary, and bursae
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Tendon –
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a collagenous structure which attaches muscle to bone
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Viscosupplementation-
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injection of material into joint to supplement viscous properties of synovial fluid; used for treatment of osteoarthritis. Example: Synvisc
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