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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is correlate motion?
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motion at one joint that is in response with motion at another joint
Esp w/ closed chain i.e. flex the hip and the knee also flexes |
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What is conjunct motion?
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Motion occurring at joint related to specific osteokinematic movements of that same joint
i.e. screw home mechanism |
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What in the hip is akin to the scapula, clavicle, femur?
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ilium, clavicle, humerus
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What is the difference in terms of compression/tensile forces in the glenoid vs. acetabulum?
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Acetabulum takes compression
Glenoid takes more tensile forces |
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What % of the femoral head articulates with the acetabulum?
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70%
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Where is the thickest part of the femoral head?
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anteromedially
(where most load is transferred through) |
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What is the normal angle of inclination? What is it called when there is too little/too much
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125 degrees is normal
Coxa valga is too much angle Coxa varum is too little angle |
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What is the angle of torsion?
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Anteversion --> toe in
Retroversion --> toe out |
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What is the strongest hip ligament? and when is it taught
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iliofemoral (y ligament)
Extension, ER/IR |
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What does the pubofemoral ligament limit?
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Extension, abduction and ER
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What does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?
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Extension, IR
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Why does body weight increase 250-500% in single limb support?
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Short moment arm of hip abductors --> must produce a lot of force to equal external demand into adduction
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What artery are you most concerned about with a pelvic/femur fracture? and why?
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Femoral artery --> avascular necrosis
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Where are the 2 most common places to fracture the pelvis?
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Anterior pubis, anterior ischium
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What is a stable pelvic fx?
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Only 1 side of obturator foramen is fractured
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What is an unstable pelvic fracture?
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2 sides of obturator foramen are fractured
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What are 5 sequela from pelvic fxs?
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Rupture of arteries
Neuro damage SI pain Hip joint disruption GU structural damage |
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Why do femoral neck fractures have a worse prognosis than femoral shaft fxs?
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Intracapsular-->
synovium impedes healing, avascular necrosis |
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What age group typically gets femoral neck fractures? intertrochanteric fractures? femoral shaft fractures?
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Femoral neck - Older population (OP)
Introchanteric - Younger population Femoral shaft- all ages |
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How long does a femoral shaft fx take for bony union to occur?
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12-16 weeks
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What is the MOI for a fx/disclocation of hip?
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high speed trauma (skiing/MVA)
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What direction does the hip usually dislocate and what are 2 common MOIs?
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Posterior
MOI: Compression in hip/knee flexion and rotation with severe IR |
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What is the artery that 20% of population has that supplies femoral head?
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Ligamentum teres
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What are the 2 types of femoracetabular impingement and what populations are they most common in?
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Pincer- more common in women, acetabulum deeper than standard;
Cam- more common in men, aspherical femoral head (aka 'pistol grip deformity) |
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What are the 2 types of hip OA?
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Primary (ideopathic)
Secondary (trauma) |
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Where does one with hip OA tend to feel pain?
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Anterior groin
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What S&S would you see with hip OA?
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Anterior groin pain
stiffness after prolonged rest Decreased ROM in extension, IR and flexion Antalgic gait |
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What muscles would you really focus on strengthening in those with hip OA?
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hip abductors/extensors and knee extensors
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What are 5 contraindications to hip THA?
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Infection
Injured hip muscles Neuro muscular disease Poor bone quality Poor skin coverage around joint |
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Where are most THA incisions made? What are the hip precautions and how long do they last?
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Posterolateral incision
No hip flexion beyond 90 degrees No IR No adduction |
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What is a benefit a posteriorlateral approach for a THA, what is a negative?
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Positive: Quicker return of abductor strength
Negative: higher dislocation rate |
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What are 5 major complications from hip THA?
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Dislocation
Nerve palsy DVT! Component malalignment Leg length discrepancies |
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How long is someone at a greater risk of hip dislocation s/p THA?
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1 year
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What are the two major muscle impairments following THA?
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Hip abductor weakness (48%)
Muscle contracture (28%) |
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Why do you not want to do straight leg raises s/p THA, when is it safe to do?
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more stressful on hip than walking
May do at 6 weeks |
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When is it safe for one to return to sexual activities s/p THA?
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1-3 months
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Where are 3 common referral patterns/causes of pain to the hip?
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Joint pain- anterior/medial
Trochanteric/L4 referral- lateral L5-S1- Posterior |
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What are the two types of trochanteric bursitis and what is the MOI:
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Deep and superficial. MOI: falling on side, or overuse (ITB snapping over superficial bursa)
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What are some S&S for trochanteric bursitis (>6)?
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point tenderness
complains of snapping tight ITB increased Q angle Pain with AROM hip flexion/extension Pain with PROM flexion, IR, adduction Pain with resisted abduction |
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What is the treatment for bursitis at acute/subacute and chronic stages?
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Acute: rest/NSAIDs
Sub-acute: US, STM, gentle stretching Chronic: Stretching, STM, strenghtening, correct muscle imbalances, functional training |
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What is another name for snapping hip syndrome?
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Chronic trochanteric bursitis
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