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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which is the most polar between Fluoromethane and Iodomethane?
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Fluoromethane.
The Halide with the strongest C bond and the shortest Halide bond. |
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Diff <==> vinylic Halide and Phenyl Halide?
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Vinylic Halide is attached to a sp2 hybridized C, while phenyl Halide, also called aryl halide is attached to a Benzene ring.
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Physical properties of alkyl halides.
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low solubiliy in water. used as solvent sometimes with non polar compounds.. miscible in water
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Hallogens attached to a sp2 hyb. Carbon or a double bond C are called
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vinyl halides
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In term of nucleophile, which Halide between F and I is most polar and why?
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F is most polar because the Halogen bonds increase from F to I, while the Carbon strengths decrease from F to I. F has the shortest Halide bond and the strongest C bond.
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What do CH2Cl2 (dichloromethane or methylene), CHCL3 (trichloromethane or chloroform), and CCl4 (tetrachloromethane or tetrachloride) have in common.
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They all attach to a sp3 Carbon. and are used as solvent for nonpolar and moderately polar compounds.
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concerted rxn?
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a type of SN2 rxn. bkoz bond breaking and bond forming occur at the same time.
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exergonic rxn
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a rxn that proceeds with neg. free energy change (energy released to its surroundings.)
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a rxn that proceeds with positive free energy.
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endergonic rxn... E is absorbed form its surroundings (or E produced)
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when Keq is very large in a SN2 rxn, it means....
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that the rxn goes to complexion.
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what is the formula to find the Eq. constant on a rxn?
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delta G = - RT(lnKeq) --> lnKeq= (-delta G)/(.00931x T (in Kelvin.)
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A rxn goes downhill means what?
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when the change in E is neg.
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uphill rxn?
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Endothermic rxn, where the Free E activation is even higher than the free E change which lies in the valley between the reactant and the product.
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which type of C+ is the most stable and what is its configuration?
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The most stable is a 3rd deg. C, and the C+ configuration is sp2-sp3 (with an empty p orbital). The least stable is the methyl carbon.
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hyperconjugation?
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electron delocalization (via partial orbital overlap).
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is double bond subst. rxn possible? if not, wh?
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with pi bond C. i.e. aryl, phenyl groups. Reason is that the pi bond is already e- rich, thus will repell the nu.
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T/F the nu- is most important in sn1 rxn
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F.. the LG is more important bekoz the rxn depends on it to take place.
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when an anion reacts as a nucleophile, this type of rxn is
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Substitution
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when an anion reacts as a base, this type of rxn is...
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Elimination
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