Orgins And Terminations Of Cranial Nerves

Front 1

olfactory

Back 1

(sensory)
cerebrum to olfactory tract to olfactory bulb through olfactory forimina in cribriform plate of the ethmoid to nasal epithelium
used for smell

Front 2

optic nerve

Back 2

(seonsory)
thalamus and superior colliculi to optic tracts to optic chiasma through optic foramen to retina
used for sight

Front 3

oculomotor

Back 3

(motor and proprioception)
midbrain to division into inferior and superior branch, both through superior orbital fissure
1. superior branch to superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris muscles
2. inferior branch to medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. Also, to ciliary muscle of the eyeball and sphincter muscle of the iris.
-moves the eyeball

Front 4

trochlear

Back 4

(motor and proprioception)
midbrain through superior orbital fissure to superior eyeball muscle
-through the trochlea (pulley)

Front 5

trigeminal

Back 5

(mixed funtions)
pons to ganglion to 3 branches:
1. sensory ophthalmic branch through superior orbital fissure to skin of eye, nose, forehead, ect.
2. sensory maxillary branch through foramen rotundum to palate, pharynx, upper teeth, upper lip, ect
3. motor mandibular branch through foramen ovale to lower teeth, tounge, floor of mouth, ect.

Front 6

abducens

Back 6

(motor and proprioception)
pons through superior orbital fissure to lateral rectus muscle of eyeball
-abducts the eye

Front 7

facial

Back 7

(mixed)
pons through superior orbital fissure to internal auditory meatus out stylomastoid foramen to facial and scalp muscles, salivary glands, taste buds (anterior 2/3)
-in the face

Front 8

vestibulocochlear

Back 8

(sensory)
pons through inernal auditory meatus into 2 branches
1. cochlear (auditory) branch to organ of Corti in cochlea of the internal ear
2. vestibular branch to semicircular canals

Front 9

glossopharyngeal

Back 9

(mixed)
medulla oblongata through jugular foramen to swallowing muscles of pharync, parotid gland (salivary) and taste buds (posterior 1/3)
-tounge and throat

Front 10

vagus

Back 10

(mixed)
medulla oblongata through jugular foramen to muscles of pharynx, larynx, chest and abdomen

Front 11

accessory

Back 11

(motor and proprioception)
from both brain stem and spianl cord through both jugular foramen and foramen magnum to muscles to the shoulder and neck
ex. sternocleidomastoid and trapezius, and swallowing muscles of pharynx, larynx, and soft palate
-spinal accessory

Front 12

hypoglossal

Back 12

(motor and proprioception)
medulla oblongata through hypoglossal foramen to tounge muscles

Front 13

cranial nerves originating from the cerebrun

Back 13

olfactory

Front 14

cranial nerves originating from the midbrain

Back 14

oculomotor
trochlear

Front 15

cranial nerves originating from the pons

Back 15

trigeminal
abducens
facial
vestibulocochlear

Front 16

cranial nerves originating from meduall oblongata

Back 16

glossopharyngeal
vagus
hypoglossal

Front 17

nerves originating from thalamus

Back 17

optic

Front 18

nerves originating from brain stem/ spinal cord

Back 18

acessory

Front 19

nerves originating from brain stem/ spinal cord

Back 19

acessory