Organs

Front 1

what are the characteristics of ion selectivity

Back 1

shape and orientation, diameter, and nature of charges lining the channel

Front 2

sodium channels have what kind of charges

Back 2

strong negative charges

Front 3

potassium channels are lined with what kind of charges

Back 3

weak negative charges

Front 4

what is unique about the chloride channel

Back 4

it can be chemically gated or voltage gated

Front 5

chloride channels are lined with what kind of charges

Back 5

positive charges

Front 6

what is unique about calcium channels

Back 6

they can be used by sodium channels, sodium can also diffuse out both ways.

Front 7

ligand

Back 7

chemical gating

Front 8

acetylcholine is

Back 8

nonselective for all charged molecules when open

Front 9

what kind of gate is acetylcholine receptor

Back 9

chemically gated

Front 10

what element usually passes through ungated channels (leak channels)

Back 10

potassium

Front 11

facilitated diffusion is important in the transport of what molecules

Back 11

AA and glucose

Front 12

does facilitated diffusion require E?

Back 12

no

Front 13

does facilitated diffusion go from high [] to low []?

Back 13

yes

Front 14

this form of transport is uphill

Back 14

active

Front 15

does active transport go from low [] to high []

Back 15

yes

Front 16

which forms of transport require carrier molecules

Back 16

active and facilitated diffusion

Front 17

which form of transport requires energy

Back 17

active transport

Front 18

this is an electrogenic pump

Back 18

sodium/potassium pump

Front 19

how is the electrogenic pump generated

Back 19

it pumps out 3 positive Na ions and only takes in 2 positive K ions resulting in a imbalance and therefore creating an electrical charge

Front 20

this results from abnormal biosynthesis of hemoglobin

Back 20

porphyrin

Front 21

what is puss made of

Back 21

wbc

Front 22

what are symptoms of porphyrias

Back 22

receeeding gum line, photosensitivity, and grow hair

Front 23

what are the antiinflamatorry compounds

Back 23

endomethasin and chloroquin

Front 24

cell self destruction

Back 24

autolysis or necrosis

Front 25

digestive system of the cell

Back 25

lysosome

Front 26

enzymes released inside causing the cell to swell and start to fragment

Back 26

autolysis/necrosis

Front 27

selfish cell death

Back 27

autolysis/necrosis

Front 28

interior of cell is spilled out including lysosomal enzymes

Back 28

autolysis/necrosis

Front 29

cell shrinks and fragments itself into vesicles each of which is surrounded by the membrane

Back 29

aptosis

Front 30

selfless cell death

Back 30

aptosis

Front 31

no injury to surrounding cells

Back 31

aptosis

Front 32

uptake of solid substances

Back 32

phagocytosis

Front 33

uptake of solutions

Back 33

pinocytosis

Front 34

process in which antibodies surround the bacterium and give it a positive charge allowing it to enter cell membrane

Back 34

opsonization

Front 35

anitibodies that surround bacteria to give it a + charge

Back 35

opsonins

Front 36

two names for exocytosis

Back 36

reverse pinocytosis and emiocytosis

Front 37

endocytosis and exocytosis require

Back 37

calcium (Ca+ from outside), energy from inside cell, and contractile protein

Front 38

composed of phospholipid bilayer

Back 38

plasma membrane (plasmalemma)

Front 39

barrier around the cell that only allows lipid soluble substances to enter

Back 39

plama membrane (plasmalemma)

Front 40

integral/intrinsic proteins

Back 40

go through both sides of plasma membrane

Front 41

peripheral/extrinsic

Back 41

only found on one side of plasma membrane (cytoplasmic side)

Front 42

give rigidity to membrane

Back 42

cholesterol

Front 43

what is the hazy layer on the outside of the cell formed by carbohydrates called

Back 43

glycolax

Front 44

this molecule gives the exterior of the cell membrane a negative charge

Back 44

cabohydrates

Front 45

what are the functions of carbohydrates

Back 45

autoimmune response, insulin receptor, join cells, gives cell negative charge

Front 46

what is the composition of the extracellular fluid

Back 46

high concentration of Na/Ca/Cl low concentration of K and proteins

Front 47

what is the composition of the intracellular fluid

Back 47

high concentration of K and proteins low concentration of Na/Ca/Cl

Front 48

factors effecting diffusion

Back 48

concentration gradient
molecular size and shape
electrical forces
temperature
distance between areas

Front 49

what molecules can pass through the membrane via simple diffusion

Back 49

O2, CO2, fatty acids, alcohols, nitrogen

Front 50

what two properties allow H2O to pass through the membrane

Back 50

high kinetic energy and small size

Front 51

what prevents ions to directly permeate through the membrane

Back 51

water of hydration

Front 52

wallerian degeneration deals with

Back 52

degeneration of damaged axons

Front 53

what is the active force that drives membrane potential

Back 53

Na/K pump

Front 54

what is the passive force that drives membrane potential

Back 54

diffusion of ions (K)