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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Difference btw neocortex and allocortex?
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-neocortex has 6 layers of cells while allocortex has fewer than 6 layers
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What are the two types of cortical neurons?
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-pyramidal cells
-granule cells |
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Pyramidal cells
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-most numerous cortical neurons
-efferent neurons of the cortex |
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Granule cells
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-star shaped
-local projection interneurons |
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What vessels perfuse the cortex?
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-anterior, posterior, and middle cerebral arteries
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What are the 6 layers of neocortex?
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1. molecular
2. ext granular 3. ext pyramidal 4. int granular 5. int pyramidal 6. multiform |
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What structures can give direct inputs to the cortex?
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-only neurons located at or above the upper brainstem level
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Where do cortical pyramidal cells project?
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-other cortical areas
-thalamus -basal ganglia -brainstem/spinal cord |
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What do all thalamic inputs to the cortex have in common?
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-they all are excitatory
-they all release glutamate |
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How do ACh, amines, and peptides effect the cortex?
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-they all raise the excitability of cortical neurons
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Granular cortex
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-primary sensory cortical areas
-many granule cells |
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Agranular cortex
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-primary motor cortex and premotor cortex
-few granule cells |
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Roughly how many different cortical areas are there in the brain?
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-at least 30
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What are the two subdivisions of allocortex?
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-paleocortex
-archicortex |
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Paleocortex
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-ventral surface of the frontal and temporal lobes
-contributes to the sense of smell and to limbic system function |
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Archicortex
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-the hippocampal formation
-contributes to memory formation, emotional response |
