Organization Of The Body

Front 1

Acids

Back 1

electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water

Front 2

anatomical position

Back 2

when the body is standing upright and facing forward with the arms at the side and the palms of the hands facing forward

Front 3

Anatomy

Back 3

the scientific term for the study of body structure

Front 4

Anterior

Back 4

interior anatomical term meaning toward the front of the body; also called ventral

Front 5

Atoms

Back 5

the simplest units of all matter

Front 6

bases

Back 6

electrolytes that release hydroxyl ions in water

Front 7

cell membrane

Back 7

the outer limit of a cell that is in and selectively permeable. it controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Front 8

Cells

Back 8

the smallest living units of structure and function

Front 9

chromosome

Back 9

thread-like structures composed of DNA

Front 10

Cilia

Back 10

hairlike projections from the outside of the cell membrane on some cell types

Front 11

connective tissue

Back 11

a tissue type that is the framework of the body

Front 12

cranial

Back 12

See superior

Front 13

cytoplasm

Back 13

The watery intracellular substance that consists mostly of water, proteins, ions, and nutrients

Front 14

diaphragm

Back 14

a muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Front 15

Distal

Back 15

anatomic term meaning farther away from a point of attachment or farther away from the trunk of the body

Front 16

DNA

Back 16

A nucleic acid that contains the genetic information of cells

Front 17

dorsal

Back 17

See posterior

Front 18

electrolytes

Back 18

substances that carry electrical current through the movement of ions

Front 19

endocrine gland

Back 19

a gland that secretes its products directly into tissue, fluid, or blood

Front 20

epithelial tissue

Back 20

a tissue type that lines the tubes, hollow organs, and Cavities of the body

Front 21

femoral

Back 21

relating to the femur or thigh

Front 22

filtration

Back 22

a process that separates substances into solutions by forcing them across a membrane

Front 23

Flagellum

Back 23

The "tail-like" structure on some cell membranes that provides cell movement

Front 24

frontal

Back 24

anatomic term that refers to the plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. also called coronal

Front 25

teams

Back 25

a segment of DNA that determines a body trait

Front 26

inferior

Back 26

anatomic term meaning below or closer to the feet; also called caudal

Front 27

ions

Back 27

positively or negatively charged particles

Front 28

lateral

Back 28

a directional term that means farther away from the midline of the body

Front 29

medial

Back 29

the directional term that describes areas closer to the midline of the body

Front 30

metabolism

Back 30

the overall chemical functioning of the body, including all body processes that small molecules into large ones (anabolism) and break down large molecules into smaller ones (catabolism)

Front 31

molecule

Back 31

the smallest unit into which an element can be divided and still retain its properties; it is formed when atoms bond together

Front 32

muscle tissue

Back 32

a tissue type that is specialized to shorten and elongate

Front 33

mutation

Back 33

an error that sometimes occurs when DNA is duplicated. When it occurs, it is past to descendant cells and may or may not affect them in harmful ways

Front 34

nervous tissue

Back 34

a tissue type located in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

Front 35

neurons

Back 35

a nerve cell; it carries nerve impulses between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body

Front 36

nucleus

Back 36

the control center of a cell; contains the chromosomes that direct cellular processes

Front 37

Organ

Back 37

structures formed by the organisation of two or more different tissue types that carries out specific functions

Front 38

organ systems

Back 38

A system that consists of organs that join together to carry out vital functions

Front 39

ovum

Back 39

one egg. The female "egg" that unites with the male sperm to begin reproduction

Front 40

Phenylketonuria (pku)

Back 40

a genetically inherited disorder in which the body cannot properly metabolize the nutrient phenylalanine, resulting in the build up of pheylketones in the blood and their presence in the urine. The accumulation of phenylketones results in mental retardation

Front 41

physiology

Back 41

the science of the study of the body's functions

Front 42

posterior

Back 42

anatomic term meaning toward the back of the body. Also called dorsal

Front 43

prefix

Back 43

a word part that comes at the beginning of a medical term that alters the meaning of the term

Front 44

RNA

Back 44

a nucleic acid used to make proteins

Front 45

sagittal

Back 45

anatomical term that refers to the plane that divides the body into left and right portions

Front 46

sex chromosomes

Back 46

chromosome of the 23rd pair

Front 47

sex linked trait

Back 47

traits that are carried on the sex chromosomes, or X and Y chromosomes

Front 48

superficial

Back 48

anatomical term meaning closer to the surface of the body

Front 49

Superior

Back 49

anatomic term meaning above or closer to the head; also cranial

Front 50

tissue

Back 50

a structure that is formed when cells of the same type organized together

Front 51

transverse

Back 51

anatomical term that refers to the plane that divides the body into Superior and inferior portions

Front 52

Ventral

Back 52

See anterior