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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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monosaccharide |
the monomer of a carbohydrate |
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C H O |
elements of a carbohydrate |
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C6H12O6 |
basic formula of a carbohydrate |
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Rings or Chains |
Structure of a carbohydrate |
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Triglyceride |
Monomer of a lipid |
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C H O |
Elements of a lipid |
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Chains |
Structure of a lipid |
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Maximum # of Hydrogen; Carbon atoms joined by single bonds |
Saturated Fats |
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Does not have maximum # Hydrogen atoms: Carbon atoms joined by double bonds. |
Unsaturated Fats |
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Amino Acid |
monomer of proteins |
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C H O N (Nitrogen only found in proteins) |
Elements of a protein |
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peptide bonds |
Bonds between the amino acids |
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specialized proteins that act as catalysts (speed up chemical reactions) |
Enzymes: |
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Amino Acid--> dipeptide--> polypeptide--> protein |
examples |
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Basic formula for proteins |
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messenger, transfer, and ribosomal |
three types of RNA |
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single strand helix |
RNA |
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two strands twisted into a double helix |
DNA |
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adenine (base) + ribose + 3 phosphate |
Adenosine Triphosphate |
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nucleotide |
monomer of a nucleic acid |
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sugar, base, phosphate group |
nucleotides |
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adenine, and guanine |
purine bases |
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cytosine, thymine, and uracil |
Pyrimidine bases |
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phosphoric acid + deoxyribose + base base= adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine |
formula for DNA |
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phosphoric acid + ribose + base base= adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil |
formula for RNA |
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single sub unit |
monomer |
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large; repetition of monomers |
polymer |
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same formula, nut different shape |
isomer |
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2 Hydrogen to 1 oxygen |
Must be ____ _________ to _____ ________ in order to be a carbohydrate |
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sugar, starch, cellulose, and glycogen |
examples of a carbohydrate |
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short term energy |
function of a carbohydrate |
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butter, animal fat, oil, wax, and soap |
examples of fats & lipids |
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long term energy |
function of fats and lipids |
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meat, nuts, peanut butter, beans, muscle, connected tissue, enzymes, hormones, and bones |
example of proteins (polypeptide) |
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chemical reactions |
function of a protein |
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chains |
structure of nucleic acids |
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RNA DNA ATP |
examples of nucleic acids |
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information |
function of nucleic acids |
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not associated with life, small, and simple |
inorganic |
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associated with life, large, carbon back bon, and chains or rings |
organic |
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to cut with water, force water in to break a polymer |
hydrolysis |
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dehydration synthesis |
polymerization |
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insoluble in water |
lipids |
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energy needed to start a chem. reaction |
activation energy |
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lowers the activation energy |
how does a catalyst work |
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active sites |
substrates must fit in what |
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inhibiters |
ruin enzymes forever |
