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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CN V- Trigeminal
General, Oral Periph (unilateral, bilateral), Speech Findings |
rarely affected individually
oral periph -unilateral LMN - jaw deviates to weak side -bilateral LMN - jaw droops open -could notice drooling Speech findings -little effect |
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CN VII- Facial
General |
affected individually fairly often
- Tumors or infections of VII - Acoustic neuromas (also affect CN VIII) - Bell’s Palsy - unilateral facial nerve paralysis affecting upper and lower facial muscles |
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CN VII- Facial (2)
Oral Periph (unilateral, bilateral) |
oral periph
-unilateral LMN half of face (upper and lower) hypotonic and weak nasolabial fold flattened asymmetrical facial movements -bilateral LMNs - much less common symmetrical muscle weakness drooling synkinesis - abnormal contractions of weak muscles near normally contracting muscles - faulty reinnervation after recovery from LMN lesion |
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CN VII- Facial (3)
Speech Findings (Bilateral & Unilateral) |
speech findings
-bilateral - poor labial closure - labial sounds -unilateral - artic distortion (primarily labial, bilabial) - frication rather than plosion |
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CN IX- Glossopharyngeal
General, Oral Periph (unilateral), Speech |
rarely damaged in isolation
oral periph findings - unilateral asymmetric gag reflex **absent gag reflex means nothing speech - little effect |
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CN X- Vagus
Lesions, Etiologies |
intramedullary lesions - bilateral effects
extramedullary lesions - unilateral effects extracranial lesions - unilateral effects to restricted portions of CN X because of branching etiologies -aneurysms of the aorta, internal carotid -surgery: open heart surgery or carotid endarderectomy that cuts CN X |
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CN X- Vagus
Oral Periph (unilateral, side), Bilateral CN X |
oral periph findings
unilateral -asymmetric velum elevation pulls toward strong side -diminished gag reflex on affected side bilateral CN X -minimal velar movement -absent gag -weak cough and coup - inhalatory stridor if VFs paralyzed toward midline indirect laryngoscopy - multiple X branches: abductor paralysis of vfs - recurrent laryngeal branch: paramedian positioning of vfs because cricothyroid contributes to adduction |
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CN X- Vagus
Speech Findings (Bilateral) |
speech findings
- pronounced effects on phonation, resonance bilateral hypernasality, nasal emission, imprecise plosives, ***breathy phonation**** facial grimace possible |
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CN X- Vagus
Speech Findings (Unilateral Sup. & Recurrent Laryngeal Branches) |
speech findings
-unilateral sup and recurrent laryngeal branches breathy/aphonic, reduced loudness & pitch, diplophonia, pitch breaks sup lar branch alone breathiness and pitch alterations possible recurrent lar lesions Unilateral - breathy-hoarse, decreased loudness, diplophonia Bilateral - inhalatory stridor - airway compromise, little effect on phonation (VFs at midline) Bilateral high lesion – breathy, aphonia during connected speech - incr breaths/min - air wastage Important to refer for laryngoscopic exam **Don't Memorize whole slide, shows you that you can have subsets of dysarthria depending on which branch of nerve is damaged |
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CN XII- Hypoglossal
Etiologies, Oral Periph (unilateral & bilateral) |
etiologies
- neck surgery, tumors, trauma oral periph findings -unilateral atrophy on weakened side fasciculations deviates to weak side on protrusion tongue movements diminished -bilateral symmetrical weakness - little ROM poor saliva management |
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CN XII- Hypoglossal
Speech Findings |
speech findings
imprecise articulation for lingual phonemes unilateral lesions: can compensate - only distortions bilateral lesions - severe artic problems altered resonance because of tongue carriage |
