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28 Cards in this Set
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detergent (synthetic)
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A synthesized compound that acts as an emulsifying agent.
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hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends
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detergent (synthetic)
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A synthesized compound that acts as an emulsifying agent.
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hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends
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emulsify
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to promote formation of an emulsion
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emulsion
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a mixture of two imiscible liquids, one dispersed throughout the other in small droplets
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fat
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a fatty acid triester of glycerol that is solid at room temperature
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the difference between a fat and an oil lies in its physical state at room temperature
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fatty acid
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a long-chain carboxylic acid.
Most naturally occuring fatty acids contain even numbers of carbon atoms between 12 and 20. |
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glyceride
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a fatty acid ester of glycerol
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hard water
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water that contains acid or ions that react with soaps to form precipitates.
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hydrophilic
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attracted to water; polar
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hydrophobic
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repelled by water, usually nonpolar and lipophile (soluble in oils and in non-polar solvents)
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isoprene
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The common name for 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, the structural building lock for terpenes.
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Lipid Bilayer
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A conglomeration of phosphoglycerides with the hydrophilic heads on the outside of the structure and the hydrophobic tails within.
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lipids
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substances that can be extracted from cells and tissues by nonpolar organic solvents
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complex lipids
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lipids that are easily hydrolized to simpler constituents, usually by saponification of an ester
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simple lipids
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lipids that are not easily hydrolized to similar constituents.
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micelle
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a cluster of molecules of a soap, phospholipid, or other emulifying agent suspended in a solvent, usually water.
The hydrophilic heads of the molecules are in contact with the solvent, and the hydrophobic tails are enclosed wtihin the cluster. |
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oil
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a fatty acid triester of glycerol ( a triglyceride) that is liquid at room tempreature.
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phosphatidic acid
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phosphoglycerides consisting of glycerol esterified by two fatty acids and one free phosphoric acid group
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cephalins
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phosphoglycerides with choline esterified to the phosphoric acid group
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lecithins(phosphatidyl ethanolamines)
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phosphoglycerides with chlorine esterified to the phosphoric acid group.
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phospholipid
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any lipid that contains one or more groups derived from phosphoric acid
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prostaglandins
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a class of biochemical regulators consisting of a 20-carbon carboxylic acid
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saponification
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base-promoted hydrolysis of an ester.
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soap
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The sodium or potassium salts of a fatty acids
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steroid
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a compound whose structure is based on the tetracyclic androstane ring system
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terpenes
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a diverse family of compounds with carbon skeletons composed of two or more 5-carbon isoprene units.
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triglyceride (triglycerol)
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a fatty triester of glycerol.
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Wax
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an ester of a long-chain fatty acid with a long chain alcohol.
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