Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Describe a Bronsted acid.
|
A Bronsted acid is a H+ donor.
|
|
|
Describe a Bronsted base.
|
A Bronsted base is a H+ acceptor.
|
|
|
Describe a Lewis acid.
|
A Lewis acid is also known as an electrophile--an e- pair acceptor.
|
|
|
Define a Lewis base.
|
A Lewis base is also known as a nucleophile--an e- pair donor.
|
|
|
What is the general structural characteristic of an acid?
|
A H+ bound to an electronegative atom.
|
|
|
What is the general structural characteristic of a base?
|
Presence of lone electron pairs which can bond with a proton.
|
|
|
What is Ka?
|
Ka =
1) The equilibrium constant for dissociation. 2) The acidity constant |
|
|
List the two equations for Ka.
|
1) Ka = [Conjugate base][Conjugate acid] / [Acid]
2) Ka = Keq[H2O] |
|
|
True or false?
More bonds between two atoms make for a shorter bond length? |
False.
More bonds between two atoms make for longer bond lengths. |
|
|
True or false?
Less bonds between two atoms make for stronger bonds. |
False.
More bonds between two atoms means greater bond strength. |
|
|
What is the hierarchy of characteristics that determine which resonance structure the molecule looks like?
|
1) More full shells
2) Has the most bonds 3) Least charge separation |
|
|
What is the definition of Ka?
How is Ka calculated? |
Ka = the acid dissociation constant
Ka = {[H3O+] [A-]} / [HA] HA + H3O+ ---> (H3O+) + A- |
|
|
What is the equation of pKa?
|
- log (Ka) = pKa
|
|
|
What is the relationship between Ka and pH?
|
Higher Ka = more acidic
|
|
|
What is the relationship between pKa and acidity?
|
Lower pKa = more acidity
|
|
|
What are the three properties of organic molecules mentioned in Chapter 2?
|
1) Boiling point
2) Melting point 3) Solubility |
|
|
Define boiling point.
|
Boiling point
The amount of energy needed to separate molecules. |
|
|
Define "dispersion forces".
|
Dispersion forces
Momentary charge dispersion. |
|
|
What characteristics of molecules determine dispersion forces? Explain each.
|
- Size
Larger molecules elicit more dispersion forces. - Surface area More surface area elicit more dispersion forces. |
|
|
List the hierarchy of bonds that determine boiling point.
|
1) H-bonds between molecules
Why? H-bonds between molecules are strong. 2) Dipole moments 3) Dispersion forces |
