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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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As size of alkane gets bigger, what happens to the boiling point?
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Boiling point increases as size of molecule gets bigger.
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How does branching affect boiling point?
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Brancing lowers the boiling point. This is because there is less contact between molecules if they are branched, making them "weaker".
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In a homologous series, what happens to boiling point as weight increases? Why?
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Boiling point increases with increasing weight in homologous series. This is because of increase van der Waals forces.
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As dipole-dipole interactions increase, what happens to boiling point?
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Increases boiling point.
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List molecules in order of decreasing boiling point...
alcohols, alkanes, amines, esters. |
OH > N > Esters > Alkanes
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Explain why alcohols have higher b.p. than amines?
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Alcohols have stronger H bond.
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List in order of decreasing b.p...
primary, secondary, tertiary amines. Why? |
1o > 2o > 3o because primary have more H-bonds.
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Which is more important in establishing b.p... number of hydrogen bonds or EN of atom?
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Number of Hydrogen bonds.
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Explain the trend in alkyl halide b.p.
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As halide gets bigger (in homologous series), b.p. increases because halogen atom bigger and increase in polarizability.
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In comparable series, which has higher b.p. alcohol or halide?
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alcohol due to EN.
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Describe trend in melting point with increasing MW.
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mp increases with increasing MW
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How does branching affect mp? What is exception to trend?
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Branching decreases m.p. because it interferes with regular packing crystals. Symmetrical branching increases melting point.
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Describe cut off number of carbons when it comes to solubility in water for OH, Ethers, Amines.
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OH, O 4 or less soluble in water.
Amines, 8 or less soluble in water because of basicity. |
